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demokrasi

demokrasi. catatan kuliah isu global kontemporer. demokrasi. ciri? kelebihan? kekurangan? kapan perlu? kapan tidak perlu?. ciri demokrasi. kelebihan demokrasi. kekurangan demokrasi. mengapa perlu demokrasi. kapan tidak perlu demokrasi. demokrasi?. dari, oleh, untuk rakyat

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demokrasi

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  1. demokrasi catatan kuliah isu global kontemporer

  2. demokrasi • ciri? • kelebihan? • kekurangan? • kapan perlu? • kapan tidak perlu?

  3. ciri demokrasi

  4. kelebihan demokrasi

  5. kekurangan demokrasi

  6. mengapa perlu demokrasi

  7. kapan tidak perlu demokrasi

  8. demokrasi? • dari, oleh, untuk rakyat • siapa rakyat? • semua orang • sebagian besar orang (yang menjadi bagian kelompok mayoritas) • sebagian orang (yang memiliki akses) • sebagian kecil orang (di dalam atau dekat dengan lingkaran kekuasaan)

  9. demokrasi a la David Held • “a form of government in which, in contradistinction to monarchies and aristocracies, the people rule… (and it) entails a state in which there is some form of political equality among the people”

  10. demokrasi a la David Held • aid to decision-making process: means to legitimate the decisions of those voted into power • popular power: a form of life in which citizens are engaged in self-government and self-regulation

  11. demokrasi a la Iris Marion Young • aggregative model: a competitive power-oriented process, fosters exclusion, results in weaker legitimacy • deliberative model: a collective problem solving process, fosters inclusion, results in higher legitimacy

  12. demokrasi a la Held, Dahl, Linz, Stephan, Huntington, • procedural: focuses on whether or not ‘democratic mechanisms’ exist • substantive: focuses on whether or not ‘democratic values’ are exercised and met

  13. demokrasi a la Arend Lijphart • majoritarian model: majority of the people • consensus model: as many people as possible

  14. demokrasi a la Giovanni Sartori • absolute majority: a system of simple and pure majority rule • limited majority: a system of majority rule limited by minority rights

  15. demokrasi/demokratisasi • mendorong kekerasan? • mendorong perdamaian?

  16. demokratisasi & kekerasan • Jack Snyder: • predemocratic popular rivalries • elite persuasion • Lee, Lindstrom, Moore, Turan: • ties government’s hands, creates more space for popular uprising • ready for mobilisation • Przeworski: • weakness of the centre

  17. demokratisasi & perdamaian • kebebasan, hak dasar, peaceful coexistence • menghindari penumpukan kekuasaan • memperluas arena power struggle antarkelompok • pengaturan mekanistis

  18. serba-serbi demokrasi • 550 konsep • philosopher king • dari, oleh, untuk rakyat • trias politica • check and balance • partisipasi publik • akuntabilitas, transparansi

  19. serba-serbi demokrasi • jatuhnya diktator - extrication • waves (and reverses): 1828-1926, 19943-1964, 1970-? • consolidation: 2 turn over-test • tyranny of majority • hukum besi oligarki • trust • civil liberty - culture of peace

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