Introduction & Ch.1

1. Introduction & Ch.1 “How Children Learn”

2. Introduction - This chapter focuses on the basic principles of learning and the application of these basic principles to music learning • - Specifically, the chapter focuses on the following: • 1. Basic types of learning • 2. The Structure of Music Learning • 3. Techniques for Applying principles to Musical Learning • 4. Instructional Technology for the Classroom

3. Introduction Objectives for Chapter 1 1. The student will be able to identify and basic types of learning 2. The student will be able to identify the structures for musical learning 3. The student will be able to list modifications for students with special needs. 4. The student will be able to identify different types of technology used in music instruction 5. The student will be able to utilize the internet to locate musical resources.

4. Introduction Vocabulary for this Chapter Psychomotor learning Cognitive learning Affective learning Active learning Teacher-centered curriculum VS Child-centered curriculum Conceptual approach Multisensory approach Multicultural approach

5. Basic Types of Learning Psychomotor Learning Allows children to master concepts using the mental processes that control muscular activity • Psychomotor learning is important in music instruction • Students can internalize concepts through movement

6. Basic types of Learning Psychomotor Learning Allows children to master concepts using the mental processes that control muscular activity • Examples of psychomotor learning in music • Clapping or marching to the beat • Swaying and marching to differentiate between duple and triple meter. • Moving the body up and down to show high and low pitches

7. Basic types of Learning • Cognitive Learning • deals with the acquisition of knowledge In music it is important for students to learn information that will be linked with actual musical experiences. For example, a child would need to know that a whole note gets 4 beats before they could perform a whole note on a recorder.

8. Basic types of Learning • Cognitive Learning • deals with the acquisition of knowledge • Cognitive learning must be presented in a way that will be easily • understood by the child. • a. Teachers must be skilled at varying the level of language • and the mode of presentation for each grade level. • b. Information must be presented in a developmentally • appropriate format.

9. Basic types of Learning • Cognitive Learning • deals with the acquisition of knowledge • Examples of cognitive learning in music • a. Note values • b. Note names • c. Recorder fingerings