The one and only… Cacao

1. The one and only…Cacao Emily Rudder, Peter Ballmer and Jane Coppock

2. Ecuador • Second largest producer of cacao behind Brazil for Latin America

3. Consumption • Where was it exported to? 2005/05

4. What percent of Ecuador’s export market was cacao? • Cacao from Ecuador – 25% of worlds cacao • Late 1800’s through early 1920’s cacao 70% Ecuador’s export market • What were the peak years of production? • Around 1900, crop disease and increased competition along with the Great Depression lowered the production of cacao in Ecuador

5. How it was run • Garcia moreno • Peninsulare • Founded conservative party in 1869 in ecuador • Primarily in charge of trade in city of guayaquil

6. Labor Force • Sierra and costaindians allowed to settle in guayaquil and other costal cities in exchange for labor

7. Effects: Economy • Cacao production triples, total exports x10 • Epicenter of economic activity changed from inland to coast as mass workers migrated for labor and the area boomed economically • Guayaquil= economic hotspot, controlled most imports/exports • Guayaquil population from 14,000 in 1848 to 266,000 in 1950 • Amount of Guayaquil cacao exported in 1919 was 33,209 tons

8. Chocolate

9. Effects- Price • Most land owned by few hundred owners • Economy depended on cacao 1900+ as it reaches record prices • Later, Brazil, Ghana, and Nigeria provide competition and prices lower through WWI • 1914 prices cut in half as 60% of cacao destroyed by disease • Large estates go bankrupt and sell to smaller groups- migration of workers to Guayaquil and its surrounding farms, cacao slowly loses value

10. What should YOU Remember? • Natives supplied the cheap labor for few wealthy landowners • Cacao imports mainly Europe, peaked early 1900s • Workers migrated from inland to the coast as Ecuador began to compete with larger countries in exports

11. Have a nice day! 