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General aims for experiment control

Architecture and Implementation of the Control & Monitoring System for CMS A. Marchioro / PH-ESE-ME July, 2009. General aims for experiment control. Provide a path for control and monitoring of front end electronics Interface to general purpose local buses

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General aims for experiment control

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  1. Architecture and Implementation of the Control & Monitoring Systemfor CMS A. Marchioro / PH-ESE-ME July, 2009

  2. General aims for experiment control • Provide a path for control and monitoring of front end electronics • Interface to general purpose local buses • I2C, JTAG, Parallel bus, Memory bus • Redundant paths to avoid loss of control • Long distance optical links, short range electrical • Rad-tol and SEU robust • Distribute critical LHC timing and trigger info • 40 MHz machine clock • 100 KHz trigger info with low latency CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  3. General Architecture: Ring Network CCU Master • Local Control buses: • I2C • JTAG • Parallel • etc. CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  4. Ring Architecture • Ring can address up to 255 CCU controllers • Distance between master and first (and last) CCU limited only by opto-components • Distance between pairs of embedded CCUs up to ~ 2.5 meters • Ring can “skip” faulty CCUs as long as no two faults are adjacent CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  5. System Architecture to DAQ FE ASICs Det A/D FPGA I V A/D DLL Front-end Hybrid T DCU PLL-Delay TTCrx Data Path FED I2C CLK & T1 Control Path CCUM LVDSMUX CLK - T1 FEC FEC ctrl CCU PCI/VME Interface TTCrx On Detector Control Room CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  6. Redundancy Architecture Secondary B B CCU CCU CCU CCU A A Primary LVDS/CMOS LVDS/CMOS LVDS/CMOS LVDS/CMOS CCUM-1 CCUM-2 CCUM-3 CCUM-4 CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  7. Network Controller:CCU: Communication and Control Unit JTAG Master CLKI(A) ST1 Trigger Decoder Clock Distribution ST2 CLKI(B) ST3 ST4 CLKO(A) Trigger Counter & other timing logic DO(A) Link Controller Node Controller DI(A) CLKO(B) DO(B) SCL SDATA I2C Master DI(B) 16 x I2C Buses Memory Bus Interface Ext Reset* PIA I2C Master D[0:7] A[0:15] R/W CS* PA[0:7] PB[0:7] PC[0:7] PD[0:7] Local Bus CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  8. Monitoring chip: the DCU • Specifications: • Resolution: 12 bit • fCLK : 40 MHz • Temp: -25 50 C • Power: < 50 mW • Vin : 0  2.5 V in two ranges • Requires in-system calibration • Conversion time: ~ 1 ms • Single 2.5 V VDD • 24 pin QFN Control I2C Interface I2C 12 bit A/D 8 Input Mux Cont. & Status + Data Regs Bandgap Reference Temp Sensor CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  9. Implementation details • The CCU (and all auxiliary chips) are implemented in 0.25 micron CMOS rad-tol (by design) technology. • Triple module redundancy is used for SEU robustness • Power consumption: • CCU: < 400 mW • DCU: 50 mW • Single 2.5 V supply • No interface voltage higher than 2.5V is allowed! • Ring path redundancy is obtained architecturally CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  10. Rad-Test of Control Chips CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  11. CCU in CMS Network node in system FEC Master in counting room CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  12. Long-distance opto-links links used • Distance • 100 m (and more) • Two pairs for separate CLK & Data • Rad-Tolerant components • Driver and Receiver • Small form factor • LVDS electrical interface • 2.5V Supply CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  13. QPLL Very low jitter timing produced by additional QPLL chip 160 MHz / 120 MHz CLK (LVDS) IN 80 MHz / 60 MHz PLL CMOS IN Mode 4 40 MHz Enable External Control 4 f Select 4 o Enable Auto Restart Reset Locked LOGIC Error Vdd Cap CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  14. Quantities and costs in CMS • The Tracker, Pixel, e-Cal and Preshower detectors use about 50,000 control chips, organized in several hundred rings • About 50 FEC cards in VME-9U cards (8 rings max each) to control the tracker • Chip designs and development: ~700K • Manpower: 2-5 man-years per chip • Manufacturing cost from CCU: ~10 CHF/piece • Additional chips: • PLL, DCU, LVDSMUX: < 5 CHF/piece in quantities > 50K CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  15. Software • Developing software for these components in the end required an effort larger than the development of the HW! • Integration in a robust slow control (software) system has been a major project which has demanded a very large effort and will have to be adapted to the specific needs of any new applications/environment. CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

  16. Summary • Rad-tol requirements have been the main driver for the design of the CMS control system • Harmonization of control system in CMS is obtained by using mostly one single control system • Decision in CMS was not to have programmable processors embedded • This was considered too risky, but it could be reconsidered in a lower radiation environment • Several hundred control rings are installed since 2003 in CMS and thousand of work-hours have been accumulated successfully. CMS control system - A.M. 7/2009

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