1 / 21

MOTION

MOTION. Chapter 11. How do you know something is moving?. Depends on your frame of reference. A frame of reference is the location from which motion is observed. Most common: the earth. Measuring distance. Distance: the length of a path between two points.

colby
Download Presentation

MOTION

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. MOTION Chapter 11

  2. How do you know something is moving? • Depends on your frame of reference. • A frame of reference is the location from which motion is observed. • Most common: the earth.

  3. Measuring distance • Distance: the length of a path between two points. • Considered a scalar quantity. (only a magnitude) • Can be expressed in any number of units. • Choose a unit that is best suited for the motion being described. • Examples: meters, kilometers, centimeters

  4. Measuring displacement • Displacement is independent of the path taken by the object. • Involves the starting point, ending point, anddirection.Vector quantity • Example:

  5. Adding vectors • When the vectors are along the same plane they are added arithmetically. • Many different methods for adding vectors that do not lie in the same plane. • Examples on board

  6. What is SPEED ? • The ratio of distance an object moves to the amount of time it takes to move that distance. • How fast or slow an object is traveling. • Is speed a vector or a scalar quantity scalar

  7. Average Speed • Defined as the total distance / total time. Or •  = d/t • Example problems on page 333

  8. Instantaneous speed • Not as useful in physical science. Much more difficult to calculate. • Defined as the speed at a given moment in time.

  9. Graphing motion • Distance-time graphs. • The slope of a line on a distance-time graph is the speed. • At what speed is the student walking down the hallway?

  10. Speed vs velocity • Velocity is speed in a given direction. • MUST have a direction. • Considered a vector quantity

  11. What is acceleration? • A situation in which the velocity is changing. • “Speeding up or slowing down” • “changing direction” • Science definition: the rate of change of velocity • Can be both negative and positive • Acceleration is a VECTOR quantity.

  12. Acceleration examples: • Which car is experiencing acceleration?

  13. If you said the red and blue car you were right! • A distance-time graph of all three cars: • The distance-time graph for accel. Is always a curve.

  14. What is the formula for acceleration? • Acceleration = final velocity – original velocity time Or the change in velocity ( v) / change in time (t) • Label : m/sec/sec or m/sec2

  15. Example problems: • A roller coaster’s velocity at the top of a hill is 10 m/sec. Two seconds later it reaches the bottom of the hill with a velocity of 26 m/sec. What is the acceleration of the roller coaster?

  16. More examples: • A roller coaster is moving 25 m/sec at the bottom of a hill. Three seconds later it reaches the top of the hill and is traveling at a speed of of 10 m/sec. What was the roller coaster’s acceleration? • Can you have negative acceleration? • YES. The negative sign tells us the direction of the acceleration, usually means deceleration.

  17. Free Fall • Acceleration due solely to the force of gravity. • All objects fall at the same rate. • 9.8 m/sec2

  18. Graphing acceleration • Distance-time graph for constant acceleration always a CURVE. • Velocity-time graph for constant acceleration always a STRAIGHT LINE.

  19. Example graphs:

  20. Assignment: • Pages 351-353 • 1-10, 17,18,19,20,21,24,29,30 • 1-5 page 353

More Related