Map Skills and Directions - Year 7 Geography

2. E)The distance across the assembly area from room 2 is about: (a) 30 metres, (b) 25 metres, (c) 70 metres, (d) 95 metres. (F)The distance along the path from the steps at the foot of Block A to the footpath in Main Street is about: (a)75 metres, (b)30 metres, (c)100 metres, (d)50 metres. (G) Room 4 is in grid square: (a) A3, (b) D4, (c) C5, (d) B3. (H) Room 1 is in grid square: (a) A3, (b) D4, (c) C5, (d) B3. Scale; 2cm = 50 metres Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 1 Use the School plan below to answer Question 1A to 1H • Correctly place the letters • N (North) • S (South) • E (East) • W (West) • on the direction indicator in the map given. • (B)If you were to be looking for the Industrial Arts Block to 'Block A', in which direction is 'BLOCK A' from the Industrial Arts Block? • (a)North, • (b)South, • (c)East, • (d) West. • (C) The marking on the map represents: • (a) paths, • (h) classrooms, • (c) trees, • (d) steps. • (D)The marking on the map represents: • (a)the assembly area, • (b)a tennis court, • (c)an oval, • (d)a car park.

3. 2. A school and a library are marked on the map below. Write direct ions for someone who wants to drive from within the school grounds to the library. ______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. On the map of the world mark CONTINENTS of THECOUNTRIES North America England Europe Japan Asia New Zealand Africa Italy Australia India Year 7 Geog – Skills No.2 1. Use the map of the imaginary continent to answer the questions (A)Where isthe point 20°S and 95°E located? (a) In the ocean (b) On a peninsula (c) On an island (d) In a mountain range (B)Which city is 20° farther north than Castle? (a) Hume (c) Duval (b) Beecher (d) Egan

4. 3. Imagine you were asked to do an assignment on Indonesia using the Library reference book "A Short History of Indonesia" In which part of the book would you look (A) To find out what page the chapter about President Sukarno begins? a) Bibliography b) Table of Contents c) Index d) Glossary e) Introduction (B) To find out what the word 'Sambal' means? a) Bibliography b) List of Illustrations c) Index d) Glossary e) Table of Contents (C) To see if this book mentions Willen Van Barten? a) Bibliography b) List of Illustrations c) Index d) Glossary e) Table of contents (D) To see if there is a map of Indonesia a) Introduction b) Bibliography c) List of Illustrations d) Index e) Glossary (E) If there are any other books on Indonesian History a) Bibliography b) Table of Contents c) Index d) Glossary e) List of Illustrations Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 3 2. Imagine you were asked to answer the following questions using Library reference books. Which of the following books would you use for each question(A) How do you get from Spencer Street Station to V.F.L. Park? a) Atlas h) Street Directory c) Year Book d) Encyclopedia e) History Text (B) In which range of Mountains is Wilpena Pound situated? a) Atlas b) Street Directory c> Year Book d) Encyclopedia e) History Text (C) What were the main achievements of Sir John Monash? a) Atlas b) Street Directory c) Year Book d) Encyclopedia e) History Text (D) How many migrants returned to England from Australia Last Year? a) Atlas b) Street Directory c> Year Book d) Encyclopedia e) History Text (F) How high is Mt. Egmont in New Zealand? a) Atlas b) Street Directory c) Year Book d) Encyclopedia e) History Text

5. Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 4 1.Follow the directions given to make a picture below. Work neatly with a sharp pencil and rule all lines. Neatly cross off each numbered point as you plot it. Begin at point X. 1.S3,E2 2.E1 3.52 4.S2,E1 5.S3,E3 6.S2,E1 7.S3,E1 9.S4,W2 10.S1,W1 11.S1,W2 12.W1 13.N1 14.W1,S1 15.W1 17.N2,W2 18.N1 19.W1,S1 20.W1 21.N2,W2 22.S2,W6 23.S1,W2 25.N1,W1 26.E1,N1 27.W2,N4 28.N1 29.N1,W1 30.N2 31.N2,E2 33.N1 34.E1,N1 35.E1 36.E1,N2 37.E1,N1 38.E1 39.S1,E1 41.E2,N1 42.E3,S1 43.S2,W1 44.S1,E4 45.E1,N5 8.S2,W1 16.N1,W1 24.S1,W3 32.E3,N2 40.E1,N2

6. Year 7 Geog – Skills No.5 Sometimes it is more important to discover what one cannot do than what one can do. Lin Yutana (1895 19761 Find the hidden words – they run either vertically, horizontally or diagonally. Then place them in their correct meaning in the passage below. The four main or cardinal p _ _ _ _ _ of the c _ _ _ _ _ _ are n _ _ _ _, s _ _ _ _, e _ _ _, w _ _ _ _. To find d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ you can use a c _ _ _ _ _ _, the s _ _ or the s _ _ _ _. A compass n _ _ _ _ _ points to m _ _ _ _ _ _ _ north. Two other types of north are g _ _ _ north and t _ _ _ north. Direction can be given as a b _ _ _ _ _ _ in d _ _ _ _ _ _. When w _ _ _ direction is given, it is the direction from which the wind comes f _ _ _. north south east west northeast northwest southeast southwest direction true magnetic grid compass wind needle stars sun degrees from bearing Points from

7. 2. Using the map fig. 1 give the approximate location in latitude and longitude (0°) of tile following places: New York: __________________________ Sydney: ____________________________ HongKong: __________________________ London: ____________________________ Hawaii: ____________________________ Bombay:____________________________ 3. Make a list of the people whose lives may sometimes depend on being able to give their location accurately especially in time of distress or emergency. ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 6 1. On the map of Australia mark The States of The Cities of New South Wales Canberra Oueensland Sydney Tasmania Darwin Victoria Perth Western Australia Hobart

8. Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 7 1.What direction does the house face? ______ 2.What is the depth of the house from front to back? ___________metres( A B is the front part ) 3.What is the width of the house? _____________ metres 4.How long is the longest part of the lounge room? _____________ metres 5.What direction is the dining room from Bedroom 3? _______ 6.Taking the scale into account, how many maps this size would be needed to cover the floor of this house? _________ 7.Mark in the names of the rooms left blank 8.In the KEY table, use symbols or colours to make up a suitable key for this map. This could refer to furnishings, room use etc. __________ 9.In the space below the map draw the front view of the house. Follow these instructions: Point A is 121 metres above sea level and point A is at 121.5 metres. Draw a light vertical line from A and B to the rectangle below to help you place the ends correctly. The floor of the house is 0.5 metres above the ground at point B. The distance from floor to ceiling is 2.5 metres. The distance from the ceiling to the peak of the roof is 1.5 metres. The windows are 0.5 metres above the floor and are 1.5 metres high. The front door is 2.1 metres high. Design your own roof style. 10.Add any features you think will improve the house ( steps etc ), but make sure the major outlines are clear.

9. Year 7 Geog – Skills No.8 In the able below. State True or False if a particular mineral is found in that location Study the map and write down TRUE or FALSE for these statements. Some will just require you to look carefully, while others will require a little more thought. (a)Mt Lyell (Tas.) has copper, gold and silver. (b)Opals are found in two places in South Australia. (c)Weipa (Qld) and Gove (N.T.) have the same mineral. (d)Mt Tom Price (W.A.) and Mt Morgan (Old) have the same mineral. (e)The Northern Territory is the chief uranium mining area. (f)Gold is found only in W.A. and Victoria. (g)Oil is found off the Victorian coast. (h)Collie (W.A.), Leigh Creek (S.A.) and Mt Morgan (Old) all have coal. (i)Western Australia is the most important mining State. (j)Gold is Victoria's main mineral. (k)Queensland's south western region has no minerals. (Careful!) (I) Iron ore is quite often found in mountain ranges. (m) Coal is usually found fairly close to the coast. (n) Bauxite is found only in northern Australia. (o) Opals are found in three States. (p) Kalgoorlie (W.A.) is a uranium mining area. (q) Minerals in Tasmania are found on the west coast. (r) The mineral closest to Alice Springs is opals. (s) Oil is found only in the sea. (t) Iron ore and gold are Western Australia's main minerals.

10. Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 9 Latitude and longitude Geographers use lines of latitude and longitude to help locate places (see figure 1). Aeroplanes and ships use and longitude to find their way around the world. Lines of latitude are called 'parallels', lines of longitude are called 'meridians'. Latitude is measured in Degrees________ Or_____________ of the equator (which is at 0°). All places in Australia are_______ of the equator. The major lines of latitude In the world are the equator (0°), the Tropic of______________(23½° north), the Tropic of______________(23½° south), the _____________Circle (66½° north) and the ____________________Circle (66½° south) Longitude is, measured in 'degrees (E) or west (W) of the line (meridian) which runs through the town of_____________ in England (0°). This starting point for measuring longitude is known as the_______________________. All places in_____________ are east of the Greenwich meridian. The world's other major line of longitude is the International Date Line (180°). One degree of latitude or longitude can be broken Into sixty smaller parts known as minutes (shown by the symbol '). So 24°30' is____________ between 24° and_____. Sydney's latitude is 33°53' south and Its longitude is 151°10' east. Latitude Is always given first, and north, south, east or west is always written after the minutes to show whether the place is north or south of the equator or east or ___________of the Greenwich meridian. Arctic , west , Greenwich, latitude, halfway, North, cancer, equator, Greenwich meridian, south, south, Australia, Capricorn, Antarctic.

11. 3. Distance • To measure distance fairly accurately use a pair of compasses and set them at 250m, using tie scale on the map, then walk them along the road counting every step as 250m. What are the following distances by road or track ?: • a. From the railway station to the quarry ........................................................................................... • From the railway station to the village (5560) ...................................................................................... • From the school to the house 'Ho' • using the ferry __________________________ • going by road ____________________________ • 4. Direction • Measurements for direction are in a straight line, not along roads. What are the following buildings?: • One km East of the farm 2030 • 2. Half a km North of the lighthouse. • Year 7 Geog – Skills No 1.0 • First complete this key with the symbols used in this map: • Churches Signal Box • Pond. School • Marsh Quarry • Lighthouse • Railway Embankment • Ferry Terminus • 2. Map References • Notice that the straight lines on the map, called the grid, are numbered for reference. The end of the jetty has the reference 4/1 as the bottom number should be read first. To be more accurate we can imagine the space between the lines to be divided into tenths. The house marked 'Ho' will then have a map reference 2.5/1.5 or, as it is more usually given 2515. The quarry at the top is 6775 (6.7/7.5) and the railway station is 5040. • Write the map references of the following: • The signal box __________________ • The school _____________________ • The island _____________________ • The railway bridges ______________ • Which objects are situated at these points ?: • 6030 _____________________ • 2667 _____________________ • 5020 _____________________ • 1838 _____________________ • . _____________________ • _____________________ • _____________________ • 5757 _____________________

12. Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 11 1.By the river the land is not well drained and the paddocks are grass. These are their references. find them and colour them green: 1515 2545 2168 3070 4245 3020 2055 2075 3067 4535 3030 2550 1555 3060 5235 3040 2263 3078 3555 and by the school 6545 6536 and the open spaces in the town. 2.The following are market gardens, find them and colour them purple: 5344 5348 5038 5055 5346 5350 5042 6045 3.This is moorland (yellow): 6555 1525 1355 1575 6570 1540 1565 4.The rest of the land is ploughed and should be brown,

13. Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 12 The Lennaville Endurance Horse Race has to go around a group of lakes and a pit, so jockeys are given a map before the day of the big race. Unfortunately, the race organisers ran out of ink before they could finish the maps and only marked in the lakes, the pit and the start. On the map below, using the instructions given to the jockeys, mark in the race course. The map's scale is 1 cm represents 1 km and you are required to draw a linear representation of this on your map. Make sure to include a suitable heading to your map too. Instructions to the jockeys 1 Go 3 km south 2 Then 1 km south east 3 Then 3 km south 4 Then 2.5 km south west 5 Then 6 km due west 6 Then 2.5 km north west 7 Then 6 km north 8 Then 6 km east 9Then 4 km due north 10Then 4.5 km north east 11Then 3.5 km south east 12Then 4.5 km south 13Then 2 km south west 14Then 1 km west 15 Then 3 km north

14. Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 13. WHAT ARE SYNOPTIC CHARTS? These are the weather maps that you see on television and in the newspaper. WHAT ARE ISOBARS? Isobars are the lines on weather maps. They join areas of equal air pressure. Numbers higher than 1013 hectopascals on an isobar indicate high air pressure. Numbers lower than 1013 hectopascals indicate low air pressure. WHAT ARE LOWS AND HIGHS? Low Air Pressure System - Hot moist air rises. This leaves an area underneath the rising air where there is less air. This area has low air pressure. Low pressure systems indicate cloudy or rainy periods. High Air Pressure System – On the other hand, cool dry air sinks. This forms an area where is more air with high air pressure. High pressure systems indicate fine cool dry weather. HOW DO ISOBARS INDICATE WIND? If the isobars are quite close together on the weather map, wind will blow from the higher pressure area to the lower pressure area. The closer the isobars, the faster will be the wind. The further apart the isobars, the gentler will be the wind. www.qldscienceteachers.com WHAT SYMBOLS INDICATE CLOUDS OR RAIN? Low Pressure Area ( L ) – Lows indicate clouds or rain. Troughs ( - - - - - - ) – Troughs are elongated areas of low pressure where clouds or rain will probably occur. Cold Front ( ) – A cold front is an area where a mass of cold air moves very quickly underneath a mass of warm moist air. This causes the warm moist air to suddenly drop its rain. The result is a very sudden thunderstorm. Warm Front ( ) - A warm front occurs when a mass of warm moist air moves slowly over the top of a mass of cold air. The result is drizzling rain that may last a few days. Tropical Cyclone ( T.C. ) – In summer in tropical areas near the coast, a lot of hot moist air rises rapidly. This can cause an extremely low pressure system (less than 970 hectopascals) which can begin to spiral upwards. This ‘sucks’ up even more hot moist air to make rain clouds and winds that create fierce damaging storms. QUESTIONS 1. In the table describe or draw symbols on weather maps that indicate a particular weather type: 2. Look at the two weather maps below. For each map, write the type of weather expected in each city in the table below.

15. Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 14 1.Suggest names for the three dotted lines, 1, ________________________________ 2 ________________________________ 3. ________________________________ By giving both the latitude and longitude of your position you are able to give your exact location on the globe. Notice that it is usual to give the latitude first followed by the longitude. 2.Give the locations of the following places on fig. 1. A.Lat ____________ Long. ____________ B.Lat ____________ Long. ____________ C.Lat ____________ Long. ____________ D.Lat ____________ Long. ____________ E.Lat ____________ Long. ____________ FLat ____________ Long ____________ 3. Drawing isobars Connect the dots to show the pressure system

16. Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 15 • Read te rules and answer the questions. • 1. Label all the isobars on the Map, e.g. "1008 ". • 2. On the Map, mark • (a)a high pressure cell (H) • (b)a low pressure cell (L). • 3.What was the wind speed and direction at • (a) Kalgoorlie? • (b) Townsville? • (c) Darwin? • (d) Perth? • 4.What is about to happen at Perth? • ________________________________________________________________________________________________ • 5.What effect will this have on the wind direction there? • ____________________________________________________________________________________________ • 6. Name two centres which are experiencing calm conditions • _____________________________________________ • (b)______________________________________________ • 7. Which town would have the hottest day and why? • ________________________________________________________________________________________________ • 8.Which area of Australia is most likely to have rain? • ______________________________________________ • 9.Would it be cloudy or nor at • (a) Alice Springs? • (b) Townsville? • 10. If the pressure cells continued to move in the normal way, what weather could Adelaide expect to have in the next two days? • _______________________________________________________________________________________________ • Why?____________________________________________ • ________________________________________________ Some Rules to follow when reading Weather Maps. 1.Lines joining places of equal air pressure are called isobars. All isobars are numbered and they show areas of high or low pressure (cells). The unit of measurement is the hectopascal (hPa) 2.High pressure is shown by high hPa numbers (say more than 1010 ), while low pressure Is shown by low hPa numbers (say below 1000 ). 3.Winds blow clockwise around a low pressure cell and anti clockwise around a high pressure cell. 4.Many dose isobars mean strong winds, few widely spaced isobars mean light winds. 5.Winds tend to blow in the same direction as the isobars. 6.Pressure cells in Australia tend to move in an east to south easterly direction. They usually move about 500 to 700 kms a day. 7.An advancing mass of cold air is called a cold front. 8.Air from the sea brings moisture. Air from inland is usually hot and dry. 9.Mountain barriers cause air to rise and if it is moist then rain results. 10.Mountain barriers stop moist winds from reaching inland. 11.Northern areas are generally hotter than southern areas because of the effect of latitude. Inland areas have greater extremes of temperature.

17. Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 16 1. Choose from the terms below to complete the definitions in the table. A weather forecast A cloud lines of latitude Humidity Precipitation Temperature The Bureau of Meteorology 2. Find the words visibility cloudy humid rain sleet cloudy cyclone southerly buster showers snow cold front drizzle long range rainfall squalls barometer easterlies low pressure widespread sunshine beaufort scale heatwave mercury satellite overcast charts high pressure meteorology localised

18. Year 7 Geog – Skills 17 Weather maps (synoptic charts) show isobars which are lines joining places with the same atmospheric pressure. Winds flow around these isobars, clockwise in the case of LOWS and anticlockwise in the case of HIGHS. Just as contour lines show areas of higher or lower landforms, isobars form areas of higher or lower pressure, called cells. The closer the isobars are together, the stronger are the winds, just as contours indicate relative steepness. MAP A: 1. Find the atmospheric pressure at :¬- Melbourne __________ hPa Alice Springs_________hPa Port Hedland ________ hPaTownsvile ___________hPa 2.Name the two features in the bottom comers of the map. ____________________________________________ 3.Which centre is experiencing the strongest winds? centre________________strength ______________ kph 4. Give the wind direction and strength at the following centres :¬ Perth direction________________ strength _______kph Hobart direction________________ strength _______kph Canberra direction______________strength _______kph 5.Which centres have experienced rain during the past 24 hours? _______________________________________ MAP B: 1. Find the atmospheric pressure at :¬ Sydney__________hPa Port Hedland ___________hPa Perth __________ hPa Darwin ______________ hPa 2.Name the feature in the bottom left comer of the map. 3.Which centre is experiencing the strongest winds? Centre _________________strength ________ kph 4.Give the wind direction and strength at the following centres :¬ Perth direction _________ strength _________ kph Sydneydirection _________ strength _________ kph Canberra direction _________ strength_______ kph 5.Which centres have experienced rain during the past 24 hours? _______________________________________ Mark in the cells of high and low pressure on both maps.

19. 6. Which of these are crossed by the highway? • Ida Street • Cherry Ln. • Canyon Rd • `D' St • .the Railroad • Splash River • Quartz Dr. • Mica Ave • 7. B4 is the grid location of • a. Wetland Park • b. the Pizzeria • c. Barrier Dam • d. The Boat Ramp • e. Supermarket • 8. The Fire Department grid location is • B6 • A6 • C7 • A7 • 9. C6 is the grid location of • 9th St • b. Town Hall • c. Horse Trail • d. Grammar School • e. Lodge • 9. About how far is it from the Grammar school to the Airport? • 25 km • 15 km • 10 km • 7 km • . Which is about 20 kilometres down the highway from Wetland Park? • a. the Railroad • b. the Bubblegum Factory • c. Mica Avenue • d. Barrier Dam • e. Canyon Rd 1. What direction is the airport from the Barrier Dam? _____________________________ 2. Which factory is furthest east?_________ 3. Which park is southeast of Fish Lake? ____ What direction is the Movie Theatre from the Horse Stables? _____________________ 4. Which is southwest of Lake Front Park? Barrier Dam Amber Ave The Boat Ramp Fish Lake Library Supermarket Horse Stables 6th Ave 5. If you travel from the railroad to the Shopping Centre on Amber Ave and Mica1 Ave, you would travel: N, then W NE, then NW NW, then NE SW, then SE SE, then SW • Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 18 • Which are on the same level as the Nursery? • (Circle the answers.) • Throne Room b.. Royal Bedchamber • c. Library d. Armour Roo • e. Lookout Room • 2. The drawbridge opens out across the moat from what room ________________________________ • 3. How many fireplaces are shown in the castle?_____ • 4. What room is directly below the Governess's Room? • _________________________________________ • 5. What room is directly above the Kitchen and Scullery?__________________________________ • 6. Someone who descends the stairway near the King's Servant's Room would end up in what room? • _________________________________________

20. Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 19 Did you know for thousands of years noon was considered the time when the sun reached its highest position in the sky? Noon arrives in eastern cities first because the earth rotates toward the east. Stanford Fleming, a Canadian, suggested that since the earth takes 24 hours to make one rotation, the earth should be divided into 24 time zones. In 1884, a group of countries established standard time zones for the whole earth. Imaginary vertical lines mark the boundaries of time zones. Time is measured from the prime meridian (0°). Exactly 180° in either direction from the prime meridian is the international date line, an imaginary line where each day begins. Using the time zone map provided, answer these questions. 1.How many time zones are there? _______________________ 2.How many degrees of longitude in each time zone? ___________________________ 3.When it is noon in London, what time is it in Sydney? ____________________________ 4.Your uncle sends you a ticket to visit him in Paris. Your flight leaves Sydney on Monday at 8:00 a.m. for a 20 hour flight. At what time and on which day do you arrive? ________________________ 5.You and your uncle set out on a trip around the world! First stop . . . Copenhagen, a 2 hour flight. If you leave Paris at 10:00 a.m., what time do you arrive in Copenhagen? ________________________ 6.While in Copenhagen, your uncle suggests that you call your sister who lives in New York. If you want to reach her at 8:00 a.m. in New York, at what time should you place your call? ________________ 7.Since your uncle wants you to see everything, he plans a quick trip to Algiers, Algeria. If you leave Copenhagen at 7:00 p.m., Friday, on a flight headed for Algiers, what time and day (Algiers Time) should you arrive if the flight is 4 hours? _________________________________________ 8.After a few days back in Copenhagen, you head east to Bombay, India. It is 1:00 a.m. on Wednesday when you arrive in Bombay. The flight from Copenhagen was 5 hours long. What time and day did you leave Copenhagen? _______________________________________________________ 9.From Bombay, at noon on Friday, you call your mum in Sydney. What time is it for her when she answers the phone? ______________________________________________ 10.You leave Bombay at 5 a.m. for Hong Kong. What time is it in Hong Kong? ___________________ 11.It's time to go home. You leave Hong Kong at 10:00 a.m. local time and arrive in Sydney at 8 p.m. on the same day. How long did your flight take? ____________________________________

21. Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 20 As the crow flies, what is the distance of the following? From To Distance (a) Humbug Clam Beach ____________ (b) Dibblerville Jerboa Point ____________ (c) Echidna Village Camp Thorny Devil ____________ (d) Possumville Shingleback Village ____________ (e) Monitor Beach Shingleback Village ____________ (f) Kangaroo City Echidna Village ____________ (g) Camp Rock Cod Camp Shrimp ____________ (h) Mt Sugar Glider Mt Dingo ____________ (i) Mt Dingo Numbat Peak ____________ (j) Camp Python Tiger Cat Peak ____________ (k) Tiger Cat Peak Jerboa Point ____________ (I) Mt Sugar Glider Dibblerville ____________ (m) Numbat Range Mt Cuscus ___________ (n) Camp Shrimp Mt Cuscus ___________ (o) Mt Cuscus Possumville ___________ (p) Monitor Beach Mt Sugar Glider ___________ (q) Jerboa Point Kangaroo City ___________ (r) Camp Shrimp Mouth of Heron Creek _________ (s)Platypus Bay Camp Python __________ (t) Camp Rock Cod Echidna Village __________

22. Fix the punctuation in each sentence. Capital letters should be used at the beginning of each sentence, for proper nouns, and for acronyms. Add capital letters and full stops where they are needed. 1.the most spectacular of all the marine ecosystems is the coral reef. 2.the world's largest coral reef is australia's great barrier reef. 3.located off the coast of north queensland, the great barrier reef is a popular tourist attraction especially for visitors from japan and the united states. 4.a recent threat to the great barrier reef is the crown of thorns starfish, which has spread all over the reef, killing coral and the marine life that feeds off it 5.scientists and marine biologists are trying to stop the crown of thorns starfish from completely taking over the reef 6.the coral reefs in the caribbean are ecosystems also under threat 7.the islands of the eastern Caribbean, known as the west indies, consist of three main island groups 8.known for its palm trees and relaxed atmosphere, this tropical area includes the islands of barbados and antigua. 9.tourists from europe and north america flock to this area most of the year round. 10. half the workforce of barbados is employed in the tourist industry. 11. the importance of the tourist dollar has led to the construction of tourist resorts near the most beautiful areas. 12. the problem is that many developments have been poorly planned. 13. infrastructure for sewage treatment has been neglected causing raw sewage to be pumped into the sea, polluting beaches and damaging the delicate reefs 14. individual tourists also damage the reef through touching the delicate coral when diving 15. some careless boating enthusiasts damage coral when throwing anchors in to the water A. 12 km C 1 km F . 60 km D 3 km I 6 km E 94 km O 72 km L 48 km H 0.2 km N 20 km Y 25 km T 44 km Actual distances G 4 km B 1.6 km G 0.5 km I 0.8 km M 40 km R 7.2 km E 35 km K 10 km P 24 km . H 15 km X 2 km E 18 km Y 96 km A 5 km N 42 km A 22 km F 8 km O 50 km R 36 km Q 16 km P 14 km E 30 km C 55 km R 66 km Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 21 What should every school have? On a map 1 cm represents 4 km. Using this scale, convert the map distances below to actual distances, choosing your answers from the list at the bottom of the page. When you have finished, use the letters next to the distances left over to find the solution to the puzzle. 1 1.5 cm 2 2 cm 3 0.5 cm 4 3 cm S 4 cm 6 6 c m 7 9 cm 8 0.25 cm 9 15 cm 10 12 cm 11 2.5 cm 12 5 cm 13 10 cm 14 4.5 cm 15 0.75 cm 16 10.5 cm 17 24 cm 18 18 cm 19 0.4 cm 20 0.2 cm ANSWER _______________________

23. Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 22 1.Give the location of :- a. Picnic Point (skate park ) _____________ b. Jubilee Park______________________ c. Pelican Feeding____________________ d. North Entrance Surf Club____________ The Entrance Ocean Baths______________ 2.a. Write a set of directions for someone to drive from the Bowling Club in Park Rd to the Community hall in Hutton Rd, North Entrance. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ b. What is the straight line distance between these two places? _________________________________ c. What is the road distance according to your directions? __________________________________

24. In which industrialised country did the poorest 20 per cent get the lowest percentage of national income? • _____________________________________________ • In which industrialised country did the poorest 20 per cent get the highest percentage of national income? • _____________________________________________ • Was the share of the poorest 20 per cent greater in Italy or the USA? • _____________________________________________ • Was the share of the poorest 20 per cent greater in Pakistan or Malaysia? • _____________________________________________ • In which industrialised country did the wealthiest 20 per cent have the lowest percentage of national income? • _____________________________________________ • In which industrialised country did the wealthiest 20 per cent have the highest percentage of national income? • _____________________________________________ • In which unindustrialised country did the wealthiest 20 per cent have the highest percentage of national income? • _____________________________________________ • In which unindustrialised country did the poorest 20 per cent have the lowest percentage of the national income • _____________________________________________ • In which unindustrialised country did the poorest 20 per cent have the highest percentage of the national income? • _____________________________________________ • How many of the unindustrialised countries are in Asia? • _____________________________________________ Year 7 Geog – Skills No. 23 Table A Industrialised Countries Table B Other countries