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TCP/IP in Windows

TCP/IP in Windows. Addresses. Ethernet address (MAC address ) 48-bit unique addresses hard wired in NICs (280 trillion) 12 hex numbers, e.g. 00-A0-C9-9F-00-07 first three identify company, Intel in the example how to see: NT Diagnostics , Transports or IPconfig , or System Information

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TCP/IP in Windows

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  1. TCP/IP in Windows

  2. Addresses Ethernet address (MAC address ) 48-bit unique addresses hard wired in NICs (280 trillion) 12 hex numbers, e.g. 00-A0-C9-9F-00-07 first three identify company, Intel in the example how to see: NT Diagnostics, Transports or IPconfig, or System Information IP address (number) 32-bit value, not hard coded (4 billion), assigned manually or by DHCP (later class) four dotted quads, each quad a decimal from 0-255, corresponding to eight bits, e.g. UBMAIL IP address is 198.202.0.25 to convert open NT Calculator select View, Scientific, decimal and type dotted quad decimal value, then select binary.

  3. Interneting Station A wants to send message to station D, but IP number is not in the same subnet -- no can do! Sends the message to the default IP router -- default gateway All stations belonging to the same subnet share the first three dotted quads. 204.52.128.67 and 204.52.128.147 are in the same subnet, while 198.202.0.25 is not.

  4. A,B and C-Class Networks A-class networks first 8 bits fixed, from 0-126 (only 127) very large companies like IBM, BBN, DEC,HP can assign 3 dotted quads - up to 16 million hosts B-class networks first 16 bits fixed, first quad 128-191 and second 0-255 (16,384) Medium-sized companies like Microsoft, Exxon can assign 2 dotted quads - up to 65,535 hosts C-class networks first 24 bits fixed, first quad 192-223, second and third 0-255 (2,097,152) can assign 1 dotted quad - up to 253 hosts, 0 is the subnet address., 1 default router address, 255 broadcast address.

  5. Subnet Mask Default subnet mask:255.255.255.0 Subnetting a C-Class network Download and use the free IP Calculator

  6. More in IP and subnets Special addresses Network address: first address in subnet Router address: second address in subnet Broadcast address: last address in subnet CIDR (“slash x” networks) shortage of IP addresses has led to it some examples Subnet mask is 255.255.255.x

  7. Sockets and WinSock Sockets are the basic TCP requirement Socket address IP address of the receiver Port number of the receiving program (80,21,23) Type of port TCP or UDP WinSock is an adaptation of sockets to the PC it now comes as part of the PC OSs it is an application programming interface

  8. Internet Host Names Host names in Windows HOSTS - a list of IP and names (each machine) DNS - a server with a common table of IP & names (use with Windows, together with Active Directory) WINS - Windows Internet Name Server not DNS compatible (use only with NT/9x) can resolve IP addresses inside a Windows network good with dealing with NetBEUI names FQDN Fully Qualified Domain Name name of a host like: machine.org.domain, e.g. ubmail.ubalt.edu, with a DNS assignment to an IP

  9. Setting static IP addresses Install TCP/IP protocol (for NT/9x) open the network dialog select protocol, then add you will see the select protocol dialog click OK and NT/9x will will ask for disk and install TCP/IP Setup IP address details select TCP/IP protocol and click on properties you will see the TCP/IP properties dialog. See the equivalent in Windows 2000 , XP , VISTA, and Windows 7. Select the adapter you want to setup (up to six graphically) Fill in IP number, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway Select the DNS tab and you will see the DNS setup dialog Use Ping to test your setup.

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