1 / 64

UNIT 3: FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY & IMPRESSIONS

UNIT 3: FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY & IMPRESSIONS. Objective: Identifying Male vs Female . DO NOW: What differences in bones do you think exist between males and females? If you missed the quiz on Friday see me now. What is Forensic Anthropology?.

colm
Download Presentation

UNIT 3: FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY & IMPRESSIONS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. UNIT 3: FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY & IMPRESSIONS

  2. Objective: Identifying Male vs Female DO NOW: What differences in bones do you think exist between males and females? If you missed the quiz on Friday see me now

  3. What is Forensic Anthropology? The field of study that deals with the analysis of human skeletal remains resulting from unexplained deaths

  4. Development of Bone Bones begin as cartilage then harden to form bone (ossification)

  5. 206 Bones in Human Body Joint- location where bones meet Cartilage- found at ends of bones and protect bone Ligaments- connects bones to bones Tendons- connect muscle to bone

  6. Basic Bones SKULL Contains bones of the cranium and face

  7. Basic Bones HUMERUS Upper arm bone ULNA & RADIUS Forearm bones

  8. Basic Bones FEMUR Thigh bone TIBIA & FIBULA Lower leg bones

  9. Basic Bones - Pelvis SACRUM Triangular bone at the end of the spine COXAL Hip Bones

  10. Male or Female? • Female- Skeleton is much smoother • Male- • Skeleton is thicker, rougher, bumpier • Muscles are more developed so where they attach need to be stronger • ex. knee

  11. M vs F: Orbits Male Female M: square F: round

  12. M vs F: The Jaw Male Female M: square – 90 deg F: round, V-shape - >90 deg

  13. M vs F: Frontal Bone Male Female M: low and sloping F: high and rounded

  14. M vs F: Occipital bone (back of skull) Male Female M: bump present F: bump absent

  15. M vs F: Shape of Pelvic Cavity M: Heart shaped, narrow F: Oval shaped, wider

  16. M vs F: Subpubic Angle MALE FEMALE M: 50 – 82 deg F: 90 deg

  17. M vs F: Sacrum MALE FEMALE M: long, narrow, curves inward F: short, broad, curves outward

  18. Activity Complete Identifying male or female activity

  19. Closure Q’s from Activity: Case #1: Round eye orbits, Subpubic angle of 103° Case #2: Narrow pelvis, Sloping forehead Case #3: Smooth skull, Sacrum curves outward

  20. Objective: Determine Gender of Bones DO NOW: What is the shape of the pelvic cavity in females and why?

  21. Complete the lab male vsfemale skeleton

  22. Objective: Determining Age DO NOW: Why are male bones rougher than females?

  23. Determining Age Can determine age by looking at certain bones for cartilage still remaining

  24. Age: Infant or Not?

  25. Age: Sutures are where skull bones connect Lamboidal suture (back of head) – 30 yrs Coronal suture (front of head) – 50 yrs

  26. Age- Epiphysis • The presence of a line that marks where cartilage is replaced by bone • The age of completion varies for each bone

  27. Young (unfused) older (fused) even older (fused)

  28. Age: Teeth Have deciduous teeth fallen out? Have wisdom teeth erupted?

  29. Age When the head of a long bone has fused with the shaft it can help determine age

  30. Example: Humerus head fused: 4 – 6 yrs Humerus head fused to shaft: 18 - 20

  31. Case Study Complete the snaggletooth killer case study

  32. Objective: Video case study DO NOW: If the skull is completely fused what does that indicate about the age of the individual?

  33. Objective: video case study www.mrpalermo.com (first 48) Complete the case review sheet

  34. Objective: Determine Height of Victim DO NOW: How can teeth be used to determine age? ****Hand in snaggletooth killer case study

  35. Height • Measuring bones can help to approximate height • Gender and race should be considered if known

  36. Determining Height A 41.3 cm Caucasoid male tibia was found in a wooded area. How tall was the this person? 41.3 cm x 2.39 + 81.68 = 180 cm (5’-11”)

  37. Lab: • Complete Lab on Determining Height • Work in groups of 2 or 3 • To convert cm to feet: • Multiply by 2.54 then divide by 12

  38. Lab: Determining Height Do Now: What is the largest bone in the human body?

  39. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c8IHPq9VgWI Finish Lab Today

  40. Objective: Facial Reconstruction DO NOW: What other useful things can be determined by bones besides age, height and sex?

  41. Race (ancestry) • Can be difficult due to interracial people so not as significant as other factors • Best determined with skull and femur • Three categories are Caucasian, African, and Asian

  42. Mongoloid/Asian Skull Caucasian/European Skull Negroid/African Skull

  43. Facial Reconstruction • Size and shape of bones vary in people • Facial markers are placed on the skull and clay is applied to follow the height of the markers • Today computer programs can do this • Programs can adjust features and age a person

  44. Facial Reconstruction

  45. Facial Reconstruction

  46. Facial Reconstruction http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VF1cVAb0J2Q

  47. DNA Evidence Bones contain little nuclear DNA but do contain mitochondrial DNA Can compare mitochondrial DNA with living relatives on the mother's side to identify bones

  48. Skeletal Trauma Analysis • Forensic anthropologists determine if damage to bones occurred before or after death • Antimortem- before death • Perimortem- at or around time of death • Postmortem- after death

More Related