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1. www.wnyforpubliced.com

2. What is best for our children?

3. Education Reform: Is there really a crisis? • Are we behind the rest of the world educationally? • Are NCLB and RttT as necessary as we are told? • Media portrays crisis. Is it a false crisis???

4. Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) • Although the results of international tests are generally presented as an absolute ranking, often the differences between specific countries are not that substantial. • When you look at the scores released by PISA, which is conducted by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the U.S. is generally in the middle of the pack in science, math and reading.

5. Data Point American elementary and middle school students have improved their performance on the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study every four years since the tests began in 1995; they are above the international average in all categories and within a few percentage points of the global leaders (something that few news reports mention).

6. But yet we are told the United States has an educational CRISIS. • Is there really a crisis?

7. Do International Tests Compare Apples to Apples? • There are differences between countries that international assessments fail to capture. The American educational system is remarkable for the second chances it offers students who struggle in school. If you have to repeat a grade, we don't tell you that you can never go to college. Likewise, if you fail a test, it doesn't automatically put you on a different life path. Even in some industrialized nations, high-stakes tests mean a lot of kids get kicked to the curb. That's not our way.

8. Statistic • Sean F. Reardon of Stanford University, 22 percent of American children live in poverty, the highest among Western democracies. • Maybe our crisis in NOT education; maybe it is poverty?

10. China • It is Shanghai — not all of China — that receives top honors on the PISA test. And Shanghai is where the smartest kids in the country go to school. So drawing the breathless conclusions as the media has about China and the PISA data is not unlike taking all the college kids in Cambridge, MA, home to Harvard and MIT, and declaring them to be a representative sample of higher education across the U.S. When we start testing rural China, we'll get a more accurate picture of what we're really up against.

11. Is there really a crisis? • The media and government tell us “Yes, there is an educational crisis”

12. Solution to False Crisis: COMMON CORE • Nationalized standards • Use standardized tests in ELA and Math to evaluate learning of the standards • Use these tests to evaluate teachers and schools • Increase difficulty of tests and close poor performing schools

13. Remove teachers that do not receive good tests scores • Reward teachers that get good test scores • Continue setting the bar higher and higher so that schools and teachers can be shown to be ineffective, close these schools, and allow Charter Schools to replace them using a corporate model

14. Is it best for our children?

15. Statistic • William Mathis, National Education Policy Center, University of Colorado Boulder, cautions lawmakers about standardized tests in his report “Research-Based Options For Education Policymaking” • Teacher differences account for no more that about 15% of differences in students’ test score outcomes. Non-school factors, which are generally associated with parental education and wealth, are far more important determinants of students’ test scores.

16. More on Standardized Tests • William Mathis also says that the error in the measurements is large – which results in many teachers being incorrectly labeled as effective or ineffective • The incentives created by high-stakes use of test scores drive undesirable teaching practices such as curriculum narrowing and teaching to the test

17. Do you know what tests your kids are taking? • NYS ELS and NYS Math (every year grades 3-8) • NYS Science (4th and 8th grade) • Pre-test SLO tests (Sept) in art, music, phys ed, all K-2 grades • Post-test SLO tests (June) in art, music, phys ed, all K-2 grades • NYS Field Tests • DIBELS, STAR, AIMSweb, MAP • Fountas and Pinnell Benchmarks • Writing assessments (Narrative, Persuasive, and Informational) Pre/Post • Quarterly Math Benchmarks

18. Reasons Why Standardized Testing is Damaging Standardized Testing takes away approximately 25% of our children's academic school year. Standardized Testing gives teachers incentives and forces teachers to "teach to the test" instead of nurturing higher order thinking skills. Standardized Testing teaches children that there is only one right answer in academics and in life. Standardized Testing costs millions of dollars of taxpayer money to produce and thousands of dollars of our school district's money to implement. Standardized Testing encourages our best teachers to seek other careers where their expertise is valued. Standardized Testing is developmentally destructive for specific age groups. Standardized Testing is creating corruption among schools where school districts are cheating on test scoring. Standardized Testing is creating corruption among students where students are purposely scoring poorly to negatively affect teachers that they don’t like. Standardized Testing gives teachers incentive to care more about their teacher evaluation than they do about children Standardized Testing uses our children as tools to evaluate school districts, schools, and teachers. Students do not even get a chance to learn from their mistakes. In fact, they never see the test after they take it.

20. Is it best for our children?

21. Who Is Driving This Bus? • StudentsFirst, ALEC, the Walton and Broad and Gates Foundations, Pearson, inBloom • The Walton foundation has given over $1 billion in support of grants for Charter schools and vouchers that subsidize private school tuition • The Gates foundation has given over $1.5 billion for similar purposes • Corporations like Pearson are making large profits off our children • Corporations like inBloom taking our children’s private, personal data and using it for corporate profits

22. What is inBloom doing? • inBloom is collecting student names, grades, test scores, detailed disciplinary & health records, race /ethnicity, economic and disability status. • The information will be stored on a data cloud operated by Amazon.com. • Gates paid at least $44 million to Wireless Generation to build operating system. Wireless part of Rupert Murdoch’s NewsCorp. • inBloom, Inc. plans to share data with district consent with for-profit companies to help them develop and market their “learning products.”

23. Financial incentives to participate • Gates is giving millions of dollars in grants to districts that agree to share their data. • inBloom is traveling the country, offering cash prizes to tech companies to build their software around this data. • Ultimate goal: to commercialize the data & provide a thriving market of “learning tools” based on this very valuable & highly confidential info.

24. New YorkREFUSE THE TESTS Refusing the test is believed to be the most effective and quickest way to release the strangling hold high stakes testing has on our public education system .

25. Sample Test Refusal Letter Dear Administrator, Thank you for all that you do for our school. I am writing to respectfully inform you that my child, (name), under my guardianship and advice, will be scored as a “refusal”, with a final score of “999” and a standard achieved code of 96, on all State testing including ELA, Math and Science as described in the NYS Student Information Repository System (SIRS) Manual on page 63. Please note that a “refusal” is not the same as “absent” as they are defined differently and scored with different standard achieved codes on page 63 of the SIRS Manual. Also note that on page 25 of the 2013 Edition School Administrator’s Manual it is explained that “The makeup dates are to be used for administering makeup tests to students who were ‘ABSENT’ during the designated administration dates.” My child will specifically be scored as a “refusal”, not “absent”, and therefore my child will continue to receive a free and appropriate public education in his/her regular classroom environment during the administration of all makeup test periods as this letter provides written verification of a “refusal” for all tests. I would ask that the school please provide an alternative activity for my child during administrative sessions of testing (not makeup tests, as my child will be in his/her regular classroom environment during makeup tests). However, I understand that an alternative activity is not required on the part of the school. If you are unable to provide an alternative activity for my child I would ask that you please utilize the provision of the NYS Testing Program Educator Guide to the 2013 Common Core which, on page 9, explains “When Students Have Completed Their Tests….that student may be permitted to read silently.” I am reserving the option of removing my child from school during the test administration session depending on the emotional anxiety state of my child on the day of refusal and whether or not the school will provide an alternate activity for my child. Thank you very much. I look forward to a great end of the school year. Sincerely,

26. Refusing State Assessments and Accountability NYS was granted a waiver from the United States Department of Education in May 2012, so that NY has flexibility with implementing the federal law “No Child Left Behind”. In exchange, NY agreed to set higher standards, provide a rigorous curriculum aligned with the “Common Core” standards, and look at student growth and graduation rates in addition to test scores as a way to measure school performance. New York was required to identify all schools as either “Priority Schools”, “Focus Schools”* or schools “in good standing”. The designation of “in good standing” CAN’T BE CHANGED until the 2015-16 school year – regardless of test scores and student participation. This has been a big issue for some parents – if your school is in good standing and doesn’t make AYP for 3 consecutive years, the school is still NOT identified in any negative way during those 3 years! They still continue to be “in good standing”. NO plan has to be put in place, NO funding is affected at all. The school simply reports their progress to the state, as they’ve always done. Schools that are “Priority” or “Focus” schools have to implement an improvement plan and/or whole school reform. For more information view the Engage NY memo. If your school is “in good standing”, your school has “immunity” from making “Adequate Yearly Progress” (AYP) until the 2015-16 school year IT DOESN’T MATTER HOW MANY KIDS TAKE OR DO NOT TAKE THE ASSESSMENT TESTS! There is NO consequence for less than 95% participation on state tests, or for low scores.

27. Frequently Asked Questions About Opt Out / Refusing Q. What is the difference between "refusing" and "opting-out"? A.There is no provision for opting-out of NYS assessments but Students can refuse to take NYS assessments. The difference between opting out and refusing is the language and students have to refuse rather than their parents opting them out. However, parents can write and submit a refusal letter to their school district on behalf of their child. Many parents have successfully submitted refusal letters. Many districts have accepted parents refusal letters. It has been recommended that you send your child in with a note the day of testing that states, “I refuse all NYS Assessments.” Q. Should my child write "refuse" on the test? A. Noyour child should not write anything on the test. Most districts have pre-printed labels on the test so the child does not have to write their name on it. Most districts, principals, and teachers seem to agree that If anything is written on the test it could be scored as "zero" instead of "999". The consensus seems to be that the child should just push the test away and write nothing, but double check with your principal. Q. Is my child allowed to read once they refuse the test? A. You must discuss this with your individual school. Schools are not required to allow your child to read once they have refused the test. Some schools are allowing children to read once they refuse the test, and other schools are willing to even provide another room or activity for them. It is best to keep a friendly, open communication with the principal and work with him/her to create an acceptable environment for your child. If all else fails, you reserve the right to remove the child from the test once they have refused. You should try to work with the school first. Q. Will refusing NYS assessments prevent promotion to the next grade? A. No. Students cannot be held back if they refuse state tests (except for Regents exams).

28. 20 U.S.C. United States Code, 2011 Edition Title 20 - EDUCATION CHAPTER 48 - DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION SUBCHAPTER I - GENERAL PROVISIONS From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL PROVISIONS §3401. Congressional findings The Congress finds that— (1) education is fundamental to the development of individual citizens and the progress of the Nation; (2) there is a continuing need to ensure equal access for all Americans to educational opportunities of a high quality, and such educational opportunities should not be denied because of race, creed, color, national origin, or sex; (3)parents have the primary responsibility for the education of their children, and States, localities, and private institutions have the primary responsibility for supporting that parental role; (4) in our Federal system, the primary public responsibility for education is reserved respectively to the States and the local school systems and other instrumentalities of the States; (5) the American people benefit from a diversity of educational settings, including public and private schools, libraries, museums and other institutions, the workplace, the community, and the home; (6) the importance of education is increasing as new technologies and alternative approaches to traditional education are considered, as society becomes more complex, and as equal opportunities in education and employment are promoted; (7) there is a need for improvement in the management and coordination of Federal education programs to support more effectively State, local, and private institutions, students, and parents in carrying out their educational responsibilities; (8) the dispersion of education programs across a large number of Federal agencies has led to fragmented, duplicative, and often inconsistent Federal policies relating to education; (9) Presidential and public consideration of issues relating to Federal education programs is hindered by the present organizational position of education programs in the executive branch of the Government; and (10) there is no single, full-time, Federal education official directly accountable to the President, the Congress, and the people. (Pub. L. 96–88, title I, §101, Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 669.)

29. Parental Rights Federal law Parents' federal constitutional rights: The Supreme Court has repeatedly held that parents posses the “fundamental right” to “direct the upbringing and education of their children.” Furthermore, the Court declared that “the child is not the mere creature of the State: those who nurture him and direct his destiny have the right coupled with the high duty to recognize and prepare him for additional obligations.” (Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 268 U.S. 510, 534-35) The Supreme Court criticized a state legislature for trying to interfere “with the power of parents to control the education of their own.” (Meyer v. Nebraska, 262 U.S. 390, 402.) In Meyer, the Supreme Court held that the right of parents to raise their children free from unreasonable state interferences is one of the unwritten "liberties" protected by the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. (262 U.S. 399). In recognition of both the right and responsibility of parents to control their children’s education, the Court has stated, “It is cardinal with us that the custody, care and nurture of the child reside first in the parents, whose primary function and freedom include preparation for the obligations the State can neither supply nor hinder.” (Prince v. Massachusetts, 321 U.S. 158)

30. How Can I Help? • Make a list of parents that you know and have a fun and simple meeting in your home. • Simply send out an email to parents that you know and we will help you with the rest. • Follow the list of action items on your handout and visit our “TOOLS” section at www.wnyforpubliced.com

31. What is best for our children?