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研究寫作與期刊投稿

研究寫作與期刊投稿. 陸偉明 成大教育所特聘教授. 科學研究. 1 . 思考： 閱讀 、 寫作 、停頓 2. 行動：資料蒐集與分析、實驗進行、 討論活動 兩者交互進行 Writing as thinking: You should constantly think about writing your paper at every stage of your research activities. （自問自答，釐清方向）. Productivity Is Improving. 42%. 52%. 45%. 55%.

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研究寫作與期刊投稿

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  1. 研究寫作與期刊投稿 陸偉明 成大教育所特聘教授

  2. 科學研究 • 1. 思考：閱讀、寫作、停頓 • 2.行動：資料蒐集與分析、實驗進行、 討論活動 • 兩者交互進行 • Writing as thinking: You should constantly think about writing your paper at every stage of your research activities. （自問自答，釐清方向）

  3. Productivity Is Improving 42% 52% 45% 55% 44% 58% 46% 42% 44% 49% 44% 53% 58% 48% 55% 45% 56% 42% 54% 58% 56% 51% 56% 47% 2001 2005 Sales/Mktg 2001 2005 Fin/HR/Legal 2001 2005 Sci/Eng 2001 2005 Mfg/Purch 2001 2005 Total 2001 2005 IT Scientists can now spend more time analyzing information than gathering it Scientists now read 25%+ more articles per year Time SpentGathering Scientists now read from almost twice as many journals Time Spent Analyzing Source: Outsell’s Buyer Market Database; and Dr Carol Tenopir, University of Tennessee | 3

  4. Maximizing the Global Visibility of Your Research Work through Elsevier Presented by: Hanneke van Doorn MSc. Publisher – Anaytical Chemistry, Electrochemistry & Sensors ELSEVIER Date: May 2008 http://taiwan.elsevier.com Presentation created by James Milne 2007 / 2008

  5. 閱讀 • 善用資料庫，有效率尋找文獻 (top-down, bottom up approach) • eFunction: 訂閱Alert • The rise of specialized and interdisciplinary fields of study • Emerging global network of scientific research, dissemination

  6. 要形成一個良性循環 • 沒有寫出來都不算：我手寫我口？ • 沒有印出來都不算 PUBLISH OR PERISH—在研究結果為人所之以前，科學研究都不算完成。 • 沒有經過審查（學術社群的對話與批判）都不算。寫書也要送審。 • =>養成好的寫作習慣：研究日誌，空間，與時間

  7. 研究日誌：提供線索與思路

  8. 空間(Messy table messy mind. / Empty table empty mind.) • 掌握最新期刊論文研究成果 • 文獻、研究手稿log、論文檔、與投稿信件分檔案夾分門別類放置（相關資料也可以copy兩次以免找不到） • 專心致志：知止而後能定， 定而後能靜， 靜而後能安， 安而後能慮， 慮而後能得【大學】

  9. Excerpt from Charles Darwin’s The Voyage of the Beagle Thinking path • During some part of the day I wrote my journal, and took much pains in describing carefully and vividly all that I had seen; and was good practice. My journal served also, in part, as letters to my home, and portions were sent to England whenever there was an opportunity. • The above various special studies were, however, of no importance compared with the habit of energetic industry and of concentrated attention to what ever I was engaged in, which I then acquired. Everything about which I thought or read was made to bear directly on what I had seen or was likely to see; and this habit of mind was continued during the five years of the voyage. I feel sure that it was this training which has enabled me to do what ever I have done in science. • Looking backwards, I can now perceive how my love for science gradually preponderated over every other taste.

  10. 時間(CEO of me) • 完成工作的方法，就是珍惜每一分鐘（達爾文） • 有原則：找出做最想做、最擅長的事(high priority) • 「有哪些事，會對你個人產生重大影響，而卻拖延沒有做？」(draw lines) • 有毅力：與其說在管理時間、不如說是管理使用時間的自己！(manage my life) (track your habit) • 不積跬步，無以至千里；不積小流，無以成江海。(荀子勸學篇） • 每天想，每天寫，日積月累與淬鍊

  11. 寫！寫！寫！ • The discipline of writing on a continuous and regular basis • Establish good writing habits regardless of mood • Have a warm-up period or read some good writing or your log • 新進學者以兩年一篇的速度累積經驗變成一年一篇……

  12. Suggestions for ending writer’s block • Begin early • Take a break, then return • Begin in the middle • Engage in personal magic rituals • Break it into small parts • Do not expect perfection. (W. L. Neuman, 2006. Social Research Methods, p. 495)

  13. 科學八股寫作 • 1. Tell a good story: have a strong story line (Keep readers in your mind) • 2. Develop an outline and logic (order of paragraphs) • 3. Short is better. Stick to the point. Don’t lose the focus. *Topic sentence and supporting details • 4. Result: facts, not opinion。有顯著差異

  14. 5. Take-home message 新發現是什麼？ （最多三點） 為什麼這個發現很重要？ [討論]最能彰顯本文的貢獻，要言之有據 • 6. Abstract: background, purpose, setting, subjects, research design, data collection and analysis, findings, conclusions [摘要]是讀者的第一眼，要仔細且精簡寫

  15. 系統性的研究擇你所愛，愛你所擇 • 前言與文獻探討： 為什麼要做這研究？如何定義和發現研究問題？ • 要能對文獻批判：如過去的發現與限制、對本研究的啟示與觸發、會提出什麼蒐集和分析資料的程序、本研究可能會得到什麼結果、有什麼意義與應用等。重點是在給理論基礎並將本研究聚焦，說明為何選擇這個模式或方法等，而不是整理抄錄文獻卻沒有評述，亦切忌依樣畫葫蘆。 • 文獻和研究問題的產生不是直線進行而是往復的過程。 • 研究方法：如何進行研究及用什麼材料，可以回答上述的研究問題？

  16. 一些提醒： • Writereditorwritereditor • Word choice and trim “fat” • Have respected colleagues critique and edit. • You can always be better. • Revision is the key to effective writing

  17. Pierre-Auguste Renoir(1984-1919) • The only reward from work is the work itself.

  18. 容易觸及或違反學術倫理情形 Fabrication 造假: 虛構不存在資料 Falsification變造: 誇大，隱匿，或變更資料 Plagiarism抄襲：文獻回顧分與研究方法的說明部分， 無適當的註明出處。或以翻譯代替著述。不符比例原則。 4. 自我引用視為理所當然，而未引註。 5. 拿已完成的研究成果做為申請案，或與指導學生之論文 區隔不清。 6. 一案兩投，有不當牟利之嫌疑。 若同一案件所需經費龐大，需靠不同機構的經費補助，則應在計畫中說明申請經費補助的分配狀況。

  19. 遵從APA 格式 掌握Scientific Writing Accuracy Brevity Clarity 事先計畫Outlet TSSCI清單（社科中心） SSCI清單（ISI） 或其他學報及出版社 投稿 ＊國科會人文處教育學門網站內有許多投稿及寫作之建議 *建立投稿追蹤表

  20. 關於國科會各處室網頁教育學門記住：計畫書是說服人的文件關於國科會各處室網頁教育學門記住：計畫書是說服人的文件

  21. Accept rejection as part of review process. Don’t take it personally. • 在開始的過程中，都有一個門檻值的障礙、或是摩擦阻力。 • 不好的開始，不代表一定會失敗；好的開始，也不一定會成功。 • 瓶頸，通常不是外在的環境，而是自己的心境。 • Enumerate revisions and use colored text • 經驗會帶動進步 • 寄一份reprint

  22. Bailey, S (2006). Academic writing- a handbook for international students, 2nd ed. Routledge. • Day, R. A. (1989). How to write and publish a scientific paper. Cambridge. • Hamermesh, D. (1992). The young economist’s guide to professional etiquette. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 6, 169-179. • Klingner, J. K., Scanlon, D, & Pressley, M. (2005). How to publish in scholarly journals. Educational Researcher, Nov., 14-20. • McInerney, D. M. (2001). Publishing your psychology research: A guide to writing for journals in psychology and related fields. Sage. • Silvia, P. (2007). How to write a lot: A practical guide to productive academic writing. Washington, DC: The American Psychological Association. • Singham, M. (2008). Seven suggestions for becoming a more productive writer. Change, March, 40-45. • Sternberg, R. (2003). The psychologist’s companion: A guide to writing for students and psychologists. Cambridge. • Thompson, B. (2001). Publishing your research results: Some suggestions and counsel. Journal of Counseling & Development, 73, 342-345. • Guide to publishing in psychology journals. Edited by R. J. Sternberg. Cambridge. • Symptoms and cures for writer’s block: owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/567/01/

  23. 李國鼎文教基金會：英文論文修訂服務，每頁110元，約三週李國鼎文教基金會：英文論文修訂服務，每頁110元，約三週 http: //www.ktli.org.tw/htm/nenu3.htm • Gloria English Editing http://www.golria-culture.org/index.htm • Ted English Editing:：分A類改文法與B類重寫句子兩種，八頁內可直接貼在線上送出，約5-10日，文到後估價。 http://www.chineseowl.idv.tw/html/composition.htm • San Francisco Edit: http://www.sfedit.net • http://www.apa.org/journals/authors • 英文論文寫作技巧(2005)。眾文圖書。

  24. 成功並不是靠過去或現在如何， 而是看你願不願意去做必須要做的事。 成功的道路，就在那曲曲折折間…... 絕對不是孤獨的路

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