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Hopi-Navajo Land Dispute, part 1

Hopi-Navajo Land Dispute, part 1. Monday, November 27, 2000. What is happening right now. As of Feb 1, 2000 federal troops may evict 100 Dineh, with support of Hopi Tribal Council Since 1977: 12,000 Dineh relocated International denunciations Danielle Mitterrand European Parliament

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Hopi-Navajo Land Dispute, part 1

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  1. Hopi-Navajo Land Dispute, part 1 Monday, November 27, 2000

  2. What is happening right now • As of Feb 1, 2000 • federal troops may evict 100 Dineh, with support of Hopi Tribal Council • Since 1977: 12,000 Dineh relocated • International denunciations • Danielle Mitterrand • European Parliament • High Commission for Human Rights

  3. Our challenge • Understand roots and history of the dispute • are the denunciations well-founded? • Two parts to story: pre-1974 (today), post-1974 (Wed) • Excellent source: Emily Benedek, The Wind Won’t Know Me

  4. Hopi-Navajo Cultural Differences • Priority • Hopi claim priority • Mode of subsistence • Intensive agriculture vs. sheep-herding • Settlement pattern • Villages vs. customary areas • Size • small vs, large • Sacred geography • concentrated vs. extensive

  5. Navajo-Hopi tensions, 1: Raiding and corn-eating sheep (1860s-1920s) • Raiding before 1868 • After 1868: expansion of Navajo sheep onto Hopi lands • US gov’t support for Navajo • 1882 Executive Order Area • Green light to Navajo

  6. Tensions, 2: Hopi cattle-ranching hopes • Starting in 1920s: small elite of prospective Hopi cattle ranchers • Sekaquaptewa family: Mormon, BIA schools and employees, labor truckers • Claimed half of 1882 area: wanted to raise cattle beyond the mesas • 1930s US policy toward sheep: open up new opportunities

  7. Enter: energy industry • Discovery of coal in 1920s • Post-WWII boom in demand for energy • Coal industry sympathetic to Hopi land claims • small tribe, easily manipulated? • Away from areas of richest coal deposits

  8. Influence of Peabody Coal on 1974 legislation • John Boyden, counsel for Hopi, on Peabody payroll • Barry Goldwater, supporter of Hopi, Peabody • Harrison Loesch, BIA, Peabody VP • Jerry Veckler, Interior dept, WEST Associates

  9. 1974 Resettlement Act • Partition of 1882 area equally between 2 peoples • Required relocating 10,000 Navajos, 300 Hopi • Moved 1000s of Navajos away from Black Mesa in north • Attitude of Congress in 1974: “the Navajo will manage”

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