PSYC-465 practice test

1. PSYC-465 practice test Exam 3: Research Methods and Vision WARNING: The following questions may have more than one correct answer (answer key is on the last slide). This will not be the case on the real exam.

2. Ch 6 1. Humans can see electromagnetic waves of energy that have a length of_________. • 40-90 nanometers • 380-760 nanometers • 1,000-4,000 nanometers • 260-380 nanometers

3. Ch 6 2. The psychological correlates of wavelength and intensity are________, respectively. • Color and brightness • Brightness and hue • Shape and color • Brightness and shape

4. Ch 6 3. The adjustment of pupil size in response to changes in illumination represents a compromise between________. • Size and position • Accommodation and disparity • Sensitivity and acuity • Color and shape

5. Ch 6 4. When rhodopsin is moved from the dark to intense light,_________. • It absorbs light in the same range of wavelengths as the scotopic spectral sensitivity curve • It starts to become bleached • It becomes an intense red color • It gains light-absorbing properties

6. Ch 6 5. The photopic visual system is characterized by_______. • A high degree of convergence onto biopolar cells • Maximal sensitivity to light in the range of 560 nm • high visual acuity • High sensitivity

7. Ch 6 6. Off-center cells include __________. • Rods and cones • Retinal ganglion cells • Simple cortical cells • Complex cortical cells

8. Ch 6 7. Hubel and Wiesel injected a radioactive amino acid into one eye of their subjects, and then later they subjected slices of the subjects’ striate cortex to autoradiography. They observed_______. • Alternating patches of radioactivity in layers 3 and 5 only • Radioactivity in only one hemisphere • Alternating patches of radioactivity in lower layer IV and adjacent layers • Orientation specificity

9. Ch 6 8. The spatial frequency theory of visual cortex function is based on the principle that any_______. • Visual array can be represented by plotting the intensity of light along lines running through it • Curve can be broken down into constituent sine waves by Fourier analysis • Sine-wave grating is orientation free • Visual cell is more sensitive to a simple bar of light than a sine-wave grating

10. Ch 6 9. Because of the phenomenon of color constancy, the color of an object_______. • Varies with changes in illumination • Does not vary, even though there may be major changes in the wavelengths of light that it reflects • Will vary depending on whether the photopic or the scotopic visual system is active • Does not vary regardless of whether the photopic or the scotopic visual system is active

11. Ch 6 10. The retinal ganglion cells _______. • Are responsible for scotopic vision only • Release the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate • Transduce light energy in the range of 560 nm • Are the most superficial layer of cells in the retina

12. Ch 6 11. The retina-geniculate-striate system________. • Contains neurons that are generally monocular • Is retinotopically organized • Includes ommididia • Conveys information from each eye to primary visual cortex in both hemispheres

13. Ch 6 12. Cones are to rods as________. • Color vision is to viewing shades of gray • Photopic vision is to scotopic vision • High sensitivity is to high acuity • High convergence is to low convergence

14. Ch 6 13. The M pathway for visual information is ________. • Responsible for conveying information about slowly moving objects • Comprised of magnocellular neurons in the lateral geniculate and the retinal ganglion cells that project on them • Largely responsible for conveying information from rod receptors • Found in the upper four layers of the LGN

15. Ch 7 14. Prosopagnosia is ______. • An inability to recognize faces • May be a general inability to recognize individual members of a class of visual stimuli • Due to damage to striate cortex • Due to damage to the posterior parietal cortex

16. Ch 5 15. Which of the following is a contrast X-ray technique that is used for studying the brain? • angiography • MRI • pneumoencephalography • PET

17. Ch 5 16. Which of the following is the measure of the background level of skin conductance associated with a particular situation? • SCR • SCL • P300 • ECG

18. Ch 5 17. In many stereotaxic atlases of the rat brain, one common reference point is________. • cregma • alambda • bregma • the tip of the nose

19. Ch 5 18. Which of the following can be determined by extracellular unit recording? • the amplitude of EPSPs and IPSPs • the amplitude of APs • temporal summation • the rate of firing

20. Ch 5 19. The size and shape of a radio-frequency lesion is determined by _______. • The duration and intensity of current • The size of the subject • The configuration of the electrode • The location of the electrode

21. Ch 5 20. Which of the following can be used to destroy neurons whose cell bodies are in an area without destroying neurons whose axons are merely passing through? • Ibotenic acid • lidocaine • Kainic acid • aspiration

22. Ch 5 21. Invasive techniques used to study brain-behavior relations include________. • plethysmography • Extracellular single unit recording • In vivo microdialysis • Functional MRI

23. Ch 5 22. In stereotaxic surgery, the electrode is _______. • Positioned relative to some consistent landmark or reference point. • Guided using a stereotaxic head holder. • Usually placed on the surface of the brain • Usually implanted directly into the brain

24. Ch 5 23. The major objectives of behavioral research methods are to _________. • Produce the behavior under study and then objectively measure it. • Control, simplify, and objectify behavior • Eliminate undesirable behaviors from the subject under study • Understand the underlying neural bases of behaviors

25. Ch 5 24. The paired-image subtraction technique involves ________. • Obtaining CAT images from several different subjects • Subtracting PET or MRI images generated during one task from images generated during another • Examining differences between far-field potentials • Combining differences in electrical activity recorded between the front and back of the eye

26. Lecture 25. The triple dissociation lesion study described in class _____________. • Compares performance on three tasks that are identical except for the type of associative learning required • is better than behavioral phenotyping in controlling extraneous variables • Involved the amygdala, striatum and hypothalamus • was conducted with monkeys

27. Answers 1.b 8.a,b 15.a,c 22.a,d 2.a 9.b 16.b 23.a,b 3.c 10.b,d 17.c 24.b 4.a,b 11.a,b,d 18.d 25.a,b 5.b,c 12.a,b 19.a,c 6.b 13.a,b,c 20.a,c 7.c 14.a,b 21.b,c