Out of this World

1. Out of this World • Why do astronauts move differently on the moon than they do on Earth? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bDpwtnGS6uc&feature=BFa&list=PL68BB0B53B47E8190&lf=results_main Jumping http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gM140g0zsQc&feature=related Falling

2. Vocabulary • Mass-The amount of matter (stuff) in an object. • Stays the same from planet to planet • Weight-A measurement of the gravitational force acting on an object. • Changes as you move from planet to planet due to gravitational force.

3. Gravitational Force-The force of attraction between any two objects Since heat can’t rise upwards (there is no up) the flame is round. • All objects have gravity and are attracted to other objects. • What would a drop of water look like in space? • What about a candle flame? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lMtXfwk7PXg Wringing out a wet towel in space-molecules are attracted to any surface

4. Gravity holds our moon in orbit around us and all the planets in orbit around the sun.

5. Gravitational Force • Gravitational pull depends on the mass of the object and its distance from the object. • Closer = more gravity • Larger mass = more gravity http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xICEt51A-Ac

6. What would happen to our high tides if the moon were more massive (bigger)? Tides would be higher because the moon would have a greater gravitational pull on them

7. What would happen to our tides if the moon were further away? • Tides would be smaller because of less gravitational pull

8. What would happen to our tides if the moon were closer? • Tides would be larger because of more gravitational pull http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBDZtt0vWD8

9. Life as We Knew It • Summary: A family describes what life would be like on Earth if the moon were hit by a meteorite and pushed closer.

10. Watch the tide change in Africa

11. SpringTide • When the Earth, Sun, and Moon are in a straight line (new moon and full moon) their gravitational force is combined and you have extra high and extra low tides called “Spring Tides”

12. NeapTides • When the Sun, Earth, and Moon are at a right angle (1st and 3rd Quarter) the gravitational pull is not as strong and tides are not as high or low as normal, this is called a “Neap Tide”.

15. Today you will be working in small groups analyzing the motion of toys in Earth’s gravity and then predicting how that motion would change in decreased amounts of gravity.

16. Slinky Waves • Stretch out a slinky about 2 feet. • Move one hand back and forth, pushing in and pulling out on the slinky. • Watch the wave travel along the slinky. • What would happen to a slinky when it is stretched apart and released in space? a. It sags b. it stays stretched out c. Its coils spread evenly apart d. its coils collect at the ends http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E9RDlIjgftI 26:30

17. Slinky Steps • Try to get a slinky to walk down several steps (use your binders to make steps.) 2. What would happen to a slinky if you tried to get it to walk in space? • It walks like on Earth b. It walks faster than on Earth c. It walks slower than on Earth d. It will not walk

18. Paddle Ball • Play paddle ball downward, upward, sideways. Which is easiest? Is it better to hit the ball softly or hard? 3. What would paddle ball be like in space? • It would be harder than on Earth b. It would be slower than on Earth. c. It is only easier to paddle upwards d. It will not work

19. Pull Back Toy Cars • Pull back on the car and release, how does it move? Can it drive on a slight uphill surface? How is its speed affected? 4. When a pull back toy car is released in space, its wheels ______. • Spin rapidly in place b. Move the car forward • Rub against the table as the car moves d. Causes the car to turn flips

20. Magnetic Marbles • Roll two magnetic marbles toward one another, what happens? 5. When two magnetic marbles come together in space, they _____ • Spin around each other b. Repel each other c. Bounce apart d. Orbit each other at a distance http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E9RDlIjgftI 28:30

21. Wheelo • Roll disk up and down the track by slowly moving your wrist. Can you start it without using gravity? 6. In space, a wheelo can be started by a. slinging the track sideways b. tilting the track down c. tilting the track up d. placing the wheel at the curve in the track • The wheel stays on the track in space because of its___ a. spin b. inertia c. magnetism d. mass

22. Klacker Ball • Momentum Klackers: Hold the handle sideways and hold one ball above the handle and the let other one hang below. Release the top ball, as it swings down, it will hit the lower ball and cause it to move. Move your wrist to keep the balls circling. • Action-Reaction Klackers: Hold the handle vertically and set one ball on either side. Try to get the balls to klack together in the front of the handle, then in the back and continue. 8. Which klacking technique will work better in space? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E9RDlIjgftI 16:57

23. Ball in Cup • Hold the handle of the cup in one hand and let the ball hang down. With a swinging motion, try to catch the ball in the cup. 9. Will this toy work in space? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E9RDlIjgftI 19:13

24. Velcro Target • Stand about 6 feet away from the target and try throwing the balls over hand and underhand at the target. Which method works better? 10. Would this game be easier or more difficult in space? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E9RDlIjgftI 20:07

25. Jacob’s Ladder • Hold the top panel and let the rest hang down. Now flip the top panel 180 degrees in either direction. Alternate the direction of the flip to get all the lower panels to flip. 11. Would this game be easier or more difficult in space? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E9RDlIjgftI 25:10