Absolutism and Constitutionalism Questions of the Day

1. Absolutism and ConstitutionalismQuestions of the Day Daniel W. Blackmon AP European History Coral Gables Sr. High

2. Identifications of the Day • L’etat, c’est moi! • Absolutism • Edict of Nantes • Paulette • généralités

3. Identifications of the Day • French Academy • Raison d’etat • Political Testament • The Fronde • Bishop Bossuet

4. Multiple Choice • The revolt against France’s increasingly centralized monarchy in 1648-1652 is generally known as

5. Multiple Choice • A. The Mazarinade • B. Colbertism • C. The Fronde • D. The siege of La Rochelle • E. The Pazzi Conspiracy.

6. Multiple Choice • Louis XI (1461-1583) is often credited with laying the foundations of French royal absolutism because of his

7. Multiple Choice A.. Establishment of the French Academy to set standards for written French • B. Creation of an autonomous French national church • C. Use of the royal decree to legislate administrative reforms

8. Multiple Choice • D. Suppression of the rights of French Huguenots • E. Expeditions to gain territory in the Italian peninsula

9. Multiple Choice Which of the following is true of Cardinal Richelieu (1585-1642)? • A. He led the French church in opposition to the monarchy • B. He expelled the Huguenots from France.

10. Multiple Choice • C. He strengthened the intendant method of local government. • D. He effectively abolished the sale of offices and tax farming in France. • E. He supported the French nobility against the monarchy.

11. Multiple Choice • Which of the following was the primary cause of the Hapsburg - Valois feud, which dominated European international politics in the sixteenth century?

12. Multiple Choice • A. The differences in the religious positions taken by the two families during the protestant Reformation • B. The refusal of Charles of Hapsburg to marry a Valois princess.

13. Multiple Choice C. Competition for colonies overseas • D. The conflicting political ambitions of the two families. • E. Clashing territorial interests in southern Germany.

14. Multiple Choice • The system of intendants was established in seventeenth century France primarily to • A. Empower the French nobility • B. Implement royal policies locally

15. Multiple Choice C. Make the peasantry return to the land D. Collect taxes from the towns E. Improve France’s ability to fight foreign wars.

16. Essay of the Day • In 1490 there was no such country as Spain, yet within a century it had become the most powerful nation in Europe and within another had sunk to the status of a third-rate power.

17. Essay of the Day • Describe and analyze the major social, economic, and political reasons for Spain’s rise and fall. AP 1993

18. Key Terms • “Describe and analyze” • “Social” • “Economic” • “Political” • “Rise and fall”

19. Rise: Political SFI • Reconquista • Union with the Hapsburgs (Charles V)

20. Rise: Political SFI • Exploration and conquest of New World • (Columbus, Cortes, Pizarro, Magellan)

21. Rise: Political SFI • Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis (leaves northern Italy under Spanish control) • Seizure of Portugal (and Portuguese empire)

22. Rise: Social SFI • Religious unity • Spanish Inquisition • Torquemada • Expulsion of moriscos

23. Rise: Social SFI • End of Reconquista left large numbers of veteran soldiers for use elsewhere

24. Rise: Social SFI

25. Rise: Economic SFI • Wealth of the New World: • Potosi • Casa de Contratacion • Wealth of the Low Countries—taxes and banking facilities

26. Rise: Economic SFI

27. Rise: Economic SFI

28. Fall: Social SFI • Impoverishment of the Castilian peasantry • Servicias • Expulsion of Moriscos and Jews: lack of a middle class

29. Fall: Social SFI • Population decline • Intellectual isolation and malaise • Cervantes, Don Quixote • Peasants driven off land by high taxes to become beggars in cities

30. Fall: Social SFI

31. Fall: Economic SFI • Decline in productivity of New World mines • Debasement of coinage • Bankruptcies in 1596, 1607, 1637, 1647, 1680

32. Fall: Economic SFI • Loss of the Dutch provinces and devastation of the Flemish provinces • Twelve Years’ Truce closes the Scheldt for Antwerp

33. Fall: Economic SFI • Grandees build up inefficient latifundia in Castile, raising sheep, crushing the peasantry with taxes.

34. Fall: Political SFI • Dutch Revolt 1571-1609 • Spanish Armada 1588 • Thirty Years’ War 1618 • Revolts in Catalonia and Portugal 1640 • Treaty of the Pyrenees 1659

35. Fall: Political SFI • Philip II (r. 1559-1567)– Overextended Spanish power with wars. • Philip III (r. 1598-1622) • Duke of Lerma

36. Fall: Political SFI • Philip IV (r. 1622-1665) • Count-Duke of Olivares • Charles II (r. 1665-1700) • Stupidity and impotence leads to War of Spanish Succession and the beginning of the Spanish Bourbons

37. Identifications of the Day • Divine Right of Kings • Canal des Deux Mers • Versailles • Jean Baptiste Colbert • mercantilism

38. Identifications of the Day • “One King, one Law, one Faith.” • Molière • Racine • Jean Martinet • Sèbastien de Vauban

39. Multiple Choice Louis XIV did which of the following to provide better protection for himself and to reduce the influence of the Paris mob?

40. Multiple Choice A. Built the Bastille B. Introduced religious instruction in the Parisian public schools C. Moved the government from Paris to Versailles

41. Multiple Choice D. Increased the number of soldiers stationed in Paris. E. Banned further internal migration from the countryside into Paris.

42. Multiple Choice Which of the following was an economic policy of Louis XIV’s finance minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert?

43. Multiple Choice • A. Raising money through internal tariffs • B. Encouraging international competition through lower tariffs and free-trade policies

44. Multiple Choice C. Establishing detailed manufacturing codes to improve the quality of French export goods D. Opening France’s colonies to foreign merchants and trade E. Reducing military spending

45. Multiple Choice The principal reason why Louis XIV (1643-1713) built his palace at Versailles was to A. Tighten his control over the nobility B. Strengthen ties with the Huguenots

46. Multiple Choice C. Move the king’s residence nearer to the center of the country D. Provide thousands of jobs E. Absorb the excess revenue produced by mercantilist tax policies.

47. Multiple Choice In the second half of the seventeenth century, which of the following countries dominated European culture, politics, and diplomacy?

48. Multiple Choice A. England B. The Netherlands C. Russia D. France E. Prussia

49. Multiple Choice Colbert’s economic polices ran into difficulties chiefly because of the A. Relative poverty of France B. Loss of France’s colonial empire

50. Multiple Choice C. Wars of Louis XIV D. Abandonment of the salt tax E. Reckless spending by the nobility