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Fighting WWI – Treaty of Versailles

Fighting WWI – Treaty of Versailles. Enduring Understandings 1. Nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and alliances propelled the industrialized nations into a devastating world war. 2. Advancement of technology changed the nature of global conflict and cooperation.

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Fighting WWI – Treaty of Versailles

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  1. Fighting WWI – Treaty of Versailles Enduring Understandings 1. Nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and alliances propelled the industrialized nations into a devastating world war. 2. Advancement of technology changed the nature of global conflict and cooperation. 3. Cooperation among nations may not necessarily be fair for all parties. Intro to how WWI ended Complete page 8 – graphically organize understanding of how the war ended with the Treaty of Versailles. Compare how the Treaty of Versailles compared with the Congress of Vienna and the lessons to be learned from the differences by completing page 9. Work with groups on storybook

  2. Versailles Mapping Activity • Assume the role of one of the “Big Four” • Read directions carefully • Answer the questions listed • Draw the borders of the postwar world that you desire and present your map to your group members • Compromise and create a map of postwar Europe that satisfies each person in your group • Time: ~ 45 minutes

  3. Treaty of Versailles • Conference to establish terms of peace after WWI • Represented by the “Big Four” • Woodrow Wilson, president of the United States (14 points proposal) • Georges Clemenceau, prime minister of France • David Lloyd George, prime minister of Great Britain • Vittorio Orlando, prime minister of Italy • Not represented—Russia, Germany, German allies • Does this seem right?

  4. Wilson’s 14 points – how do each relate to causes or results of WWI? • Open covenants of peace openly arrived at • Freedom of the seas • Freedom from trade barriers • Reduction of armaments • Impartial adjustment of colonial claims • Evacuation of Russian territory and Russian self-determination • Evacuation and restoration of Belgium • Evacuation of France and restoration of Alsace-Lorraine to France • Readjustment of Italian frontiers • Independent development for the peoples of Austria-Hungary • Readjustments in the Balkans • Independent development for the non-Turkish nationalities of the Ottoman Empire and the opening of the Dardanelles • Restoration of an independent Poland with access to the sea and • Establishment of a general association of nations.

  5. Treaty of Versailles • Treaty punishes Germany • Excludes Germany from League of Nations • Seizes all colonial possessions in Africa and the Pacific • Restricted the size and activities of its military • Forced to accept full responsibility for the war • Required to pay war reparations • Creates new nations (see map 1918 Europe—pg. 382 or 857) • Establishes a League of Nations, an international organization whose goal would be to keep peace among nations

  6. The Legacy of the War • The war leaves 8.5 million soldiers dead and 21 million wounded, as well as millions of civilians dead and wounded • The war costs $338 billion, destroys land and towns in Europe and Russia, and causes disillusionment in society, as an entire generation of Europeans is lost • Treaty of Versailles would not lead to a lasting peace, but instead serve as a cause of WWII

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