Puberty & Adolescence

1. Puberty & Adolescence Life Span - Lecture 6 Chapter 10

2. Puberty / Pre-adolescence • Rapid growth • @ 2 yrs to complete • 2nd sex characteristics

3. Factors that influence Puberty • Heredity • Climate • Nutrition • Gender • Socioeconomic status

4. 4 Major Changes - Puberty • Rapid growth • Δ body proportions • 1o sex characteristics • 2o sex characteristics

5. Puberty Frustrations • Independence / supervision • Appearance / body changes • Peer acceptance / peer frustration • Academic success / h workload • Adult behavior / child behavior • h schedule / need for h sleep

6. Adolescence • Begins • Sexual maturity • Ends • Cessation of growth  emotional maturity

7. Characteristics of Adolescence • Volatile emotions • Insecurities • Introspection • Experimentation • Testing values

8. Physical Characteristics

9. What is another name for the adenohypophysis? • Thyroid gland • Posterior Pituitary gland • Anterior Pituitary gland • Thymus • Adrenal Cortex

10. What hormones are secreted by the Anterior pituitary that affect the gonads? • Estrogen & Progesterone • Estrogen and Testosterone • Follicle stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing hormone • Follicle stimulating Hormone & Estrogen • Testosterone & Luteinizing hormone

11. Puberty: Height & Weight • Rapid Growth • Girls before Guys • Feet 1st • Height • h 20 – 25% • Weight • h 15 – 60 lbs • Disproportionate

12. Puberty: Development of Sex • 1o sex characteristics • Gonads

13. Puberty: Male • Testes • Scrotum • Sperm • Testosterone • Ejaculation • Penis

14. Puberty: Female • Ovaries • Ova • Estrogen • Progesterone • Menarche • Menopause

15. Puberty: Development of Sex • 2o sex characteristics • Pubic hair • Axillary hair • Sebaceous glands •  oil • Apocrine glands •  sweat

16. Body Changes: Puberty Male ♂ Female ♀ Breasts Menstruation Cramps Pregnancy Hygiene • Penis • Erections • Wet dreams • Voice changes

17. Body Changes: Puberty Male ♂ Female ♀ 10-11 Growth spurt Breast Pubic hair 11-14 Menarche 12 – 13 2o hair • 10 – 11 • Gonad growth • Pubic hair • 12-13 • Growth spurt • 13-15 • 2o hair • Ejaculation • Voice deepens

18. When do girls stop growing? • 14-15 • 16-17 • 18-20 • 21–22 • 23-24

19. When do boys stop growing? • 14-15 • 16-17 • 18-20 • 21–22 • 23-24

20. Adolescence: Height & Weight • Slows after puberty • ♀ • 16 - 17 • ♂ • 18 – 20

21. What is the term for lateral curvature of the spinal cord? • Scoliosis • Lordosis • Kyphosis • Barrel chest • Curvilateralospinosis

22. Muscle & Bone development • h strength • h endurance • h size • Sore • Awkward • Scoliosis • “lateral curvature of the spine”

23. Respiratory System G&D • h Lung size, weight • i rate • h performance • Nurse intervention • EXERCISE!!!

24. GI System G&D • h size & capacity

25. Teeth: G&D • 12yrs • 2nd molars • 14 – 25 yrs • 3rd molars • “Wisdom teeth”

26. Vital Signs • Pulse • 60-90 • Resp • 16 – 24 • Nursing intervention • EXERCISE!!!

27. Developmental Milestones

28. Motor Development • Rapid growth  Clumsy • *Eye-hand coordination

29. Sexual Development • Comparisons • Masturbation • Sexual activity • Education

30. STD’s • h • Prevention education

31. Teen pregnancy “The pregnant adolescent has twice the mortality rate of a non-adolescent pregnant woman.”

32. Teen Pregnancy • What are the “down-sides” of teenage pregnancy?

33. Rape • h • Stranger • Date-rape

34. Psychosocial Development: Behavior Behavior Parental Response Overlook Avoid confrontation Be tolerant “Pick your battles” Avoid seeing behavior as a rejection of parental love • Rebellious

35. Psychosocial Development: Behavior Behavior Parental Response Own space Understanding Offer help – step back Open communication • Need for privacy

36. Psychosocial Development: Behavior Behavior Parental Response Don’t overreact Reinforce reality Be consistent • Dishonesty

37. Psychosocial Development: Behavior Behavior Parental Response Listen Expect uneven maturity Enc. decision making & responsibility Set reasonable rules • Responsibility

38. Psychosocial Development: Behavior Behavior Parental Response Allow unexpected delays Enc phone contact Set example Socialize at home • Curfews

39. Psychosocial Development: Behavior Behavior Parental Response Accept \ criticism Get to know them Avoid showing disapproval • Friends

40. Psychosocial development: Puberty • Attitude • Happy  negative • h self-consciousness • Self-doubt • h time alone (room)  • Find new peers • Antagonism

41. What task do adolescence need to complete according to the psycho-social development model? • Identity • Pre-conventional • Genital • Intimacy • Formal operation

42. Psychosocial Development: Adolescence • Explore own values • Test them

43. Ambivalence • Two opposing feelings at the same time • Mood swings • Love / hate family • Freedom/supervision • Wanting to be part of a group / wanting to be alone

44. Emotions • Expressed feelings  behavior • Mood swings • Anger • Fears • Worries • Jealousy • Envy • Happiness

45. Boredom • Daydreaming • Humor • “Biting” • Work / employment

46. Age 13 - 14 • Hide feelings • Negative & hostile • Narrow perspective •  compromise

47. Ages 15 - 16 • i self absorption • h compromise • h independent thinking • Discuss • Debate • Experimenting • h risk taking • h adventure • Dating

48. Age 17 -19 • Serious • Idealistic • h Stress • Relationships • Family • “boy-friend” /“girl-friend” • Peers • Career

49. Discipline • Clear rules • Set rules • Dating • Curfew • Open communication • Be realistic • Be available • Listen!

50. Cognitive Development • Concrete thinking  (with training)  formal operational • Logical • Scientific reasoning • Problem solving • Look at all possibilities