Observation needs of Meteorological & Hydrological Institutes

1. HYDROLOGICAL AND METEOROLOGICAL MONITORING SOLUTIONS WITH THE VAISALA MAWS301 SYSTEMSelwyn AlpertNWSRFS International WorkshopOctober 21-23 2003 Kansas City, MO

2. Human environment Product environment Industrial process Metrology Equipm. performance Environmental and Industrial Measurements Observation needs of Meteorological & Hydrological Institutes Variety of environmental measurements to Industry Observation needs of special applications Weather Forecasting Humidity, Dew point Barometric pressure Carbon dioxide Aviation Upper-air Water Management Surface Tactical, defense Research

3. Vaisala Group worldwide Helsinki (1936) Malmö (1998) Birmingham (1989) Boston, MA (1981) Hamburg (1986) Tokyo (1983) Sunnyvale, CA (1999) Beijing (1994) Stuttgart (1990) Aix (2000) Newmarket (1980) Irvine,CA (1998) Paris (1990) Osaka (1987) Kuala Lumpur (1998) Boulder, CO (1999) Columbus, OH (1996) Melbourne (1986)

4. Technologies • Measurement physics • Capacitive measurements and sensors • Thin film, ceramic and siliconmicromachined • Optical measurements and sensors • Ultrasonic measurements and sensors • Lightning detection • System telemetry • Electronics for harsh environment • Network/central station monitoring systems

5. Hydromet Monitoring Capabilities • World-wide supplier of surface environmental monitoring systems including: • Data Collection Platforms (DCPs) • Sensors • Telemetry • Direct Readout Ground Stations • World-wide supplier of thunderstorm detection sensors/networks capable of providing nowcasts of precipitation potential

6. HYDROLOGICAL NETWORKS AUTOMATION OF RIVER AND RESERVOIR MONITORING • 1. WATER QUALITY MONITORING • 2. FLOOD PREVENTENTION & WARNING • 3. ENERGY PRODUCTION • 4. SHIPPING • 5. IRRIGATION CONTROL & PLANNING • 6. RESEARCH ON FORECAST MODELS

7. HYDROLOGICAL SENSORSOPTIMUM CHOICE FOR EACH SITE 5 DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS WATER QUALITY AND FLOW

8. HYDROLOGICAL SENSOR5 DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR WATER LEVEL • DS30 WATER LEVEL SENSOR • For measuring hydrostatic levels: • Rivers, lakes, reservoirs • Measuring ranges 1.5 - 50 m • Specifications: • Measuring range: 1.5 to 50 m (specified together with order) • Output signal: 4-20 mA, 2-wire • Accuracy: 0.2 % of FS (0.1 % of FS at 25° C) • Material: Stainless steel, polyurethane cable • Operating temp: - 5° ... +60 °C

9. HYDROLOGICAL SENSOR5 DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR WATER LEVEL • QSE102 ABSOLUTE SHAFT ENCODER • Water level in stilling well applications • Low starting torque • 375 pulses per revolution • Accuracy: better than 10 mm • mA, RS-232 and SDI12 interfacing • In-built LCD display with auto shutdown (2 x 16 characters) • Easy set up menu with two push buttons (range,resolution, time, date and current level) • Built-in lithium back-up batteries • User settable range ± 65.5 meters • User settable resolution 1mm or 10 mm

10. HYDROLOGICAL SENSOR5 DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR WATER LEVEL • DCU7110 - ULTRA SONIC LEVEL SENSOR • Self-contain unit with internal temperature correction • Highly sensitive ceramic transducer • Configurable via RS-232 channels • 1.8 m cable and junction box included • Specifications: • Operating range: 0.3… 4.8 m • Resolution: 1.3 mm • Accuracy: ± 0.2 % of range • Temperature comp. Internal • Housing: PVC • Operating temp.: -30° … + 60 ° C

11. HYDROLOGICAL SENSOR5 DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR WATER LEVEL • QHB101 BUBBLER WATERE LEVEL SENSOR • PNEUMATIC GAUGE PRESSURE SENSOR • SIMPLE AND ECONOMICAL INSTALLATION • EASY TO MAINTAIN (NO ELECTRONICS IN WATER) • LOW POWER CONSUMPTION • MEASURING RANGE: 0 - 20 M • ACCURACY: 0.1% OF F.S. • OPERATING TEMP: - 20 TO +70° C

12. HYDROLOGICAL SENSOR5 DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR WATER LEVEL • QHR101 RADAR WATER LEVEL SENSOR • CONTACT FREE WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS (26 GHz TECHNOLOGY) • INSENSITIVE TO MUD, DRIFT WOOD, LEAVES ETC • MINIMUM CONSTRUCTION WORK • INSENSITIVE TO FOG, AIR TEMPERATURE FLUCTUATION (ULTRASONIC) • MEASURING RANGE 0 - 20 M • ACCURACY: ± 1 CM • OPERATING TEMP: - 20 TO +70° C

13. WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS • MULTIPARAMETER SONDE FOR CONTINOUS REAL-TIME MEASUREMENT OF: • Water temperature • Specific conductance • pH • Dissolved oxygen • Standard pH • Turbidity • ORP • Vented level (0-10 m) • Depth • Ammonium • Nitrate • Chloride

14. WATER FLOW MEASUREMENTSOPTIMUM SENSOR FOR EACH APPLICATION

15. MAWS301METEOROLOGICAL SENSORS Wind Pressure Temp. & Humidity Rain Visibility & Present Weather Solar Radiation NET Radiation Sunshine Duration

16. Ultrasonic Wind Sensor • No Moving Parts (and no bearings) • Maintenance Free • 26 years MTBF • Heated Version Available • Low power/solar • Selected by NWS (ASOS) and • FAA (SAWS and LLWAS)

17. MAWS301AUTOMATIC HYDROLOGICAL MONITORING • COMPACT AND MODULAR SYSTEM ESPECIALLY FOR APPLICATIONS WHERE NO TELEMETRY OR COMMERCIAL POWER EXIST • LOW POWER CONSUMPTION • MULTIPLE SERIAL PORTS FOR TELEMETRY OPTIONS AND INTELLIGENT SENSORS • IN-SITU DATA PROCESSING AND DATA QUALITY CONTROL • EXTENDED SENSOR LIBRARY, INCL. SMART SENSORS • ECONOMICAL TO PURCHASE AND EASY TO MAINTAIN

18. MAWS301 CPUQML201 AWS LOGGER • 32 BIT MOTOROLA “DRAGONBALL” CPU • 16 BIT A/D CONVERSION WITH AUTOMATIC RECALIBRATION • 1.7 MBYTES OF FLASH MEMORY FOR DATA LOGGING • WITH COMPACT FLASH CARD UP TO HUNDREDS OF MBytes • Up to 7 serial ports for displays, telemetry, sensors and terminals • LOW POWER CONSUMPTION - SOLAR POWERED SYSTEMS • ADVANCED USER CONFIGURABLE SOFTWARE - NO RPOGRAMING KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED

19. MAWS301MULTIPLE TELEMETRY SOLUTIONS • PSTN MODEM • TCP/IP NETWORK (LAN) • GSM NETWORKS, incl. GPRS • CDMA CELLULAR NETWORK • UHF RADIO MODEM COMMS • SPREAD SPECTRUM RADIO MODEMS • SATELLITE COMMS: • ORBCOMM (Worldwide) • Inmarsat - C (Worldwide) • AutoTrac (Brazil, Argentina..) • GOES - 100, 300 & 1200 bps • GMS (Japan, Australia) • METEOSAT (Europe, Near-East) Internet, PSTN, wireless link etc MetMan Network Management Center

20. GOES HDR Transmitters • HDR Certified by NESDIS for 300 and 1200 BPS • All Digital Circuitry • Two models available • Model 555-7190, 100/300 • Lower cost solution • External GPS or WWV • Model 555-7192, 100/300/1200 • Embedded GPS • Less than 2.75A during 10 Watt Transmission • Long Term Frequency Stability • Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator (TCXO) • Direct replacement for 555 GOES Transmitters HDR CERTIFIED April 9, 2001

21. GOES Direct Readout Ground Station - DRGS • GOES Satellite downlink retrieves remote stations data • Consists of 5 meter satellite dish, down converter/LNA, • desktop DRGS 2000 receiver/demodulator, GPS • DRGS 2000 supports 4 channels plus pilot tone…. • ...equivalent to 720 remote stations transmitting • self-timed data at a 3 hour interval with one minute • transmission slots. (New 16 channel now available - • supports HDR GOES) • Receives any manufacture’s DCP GOES data • DRGS 2000- sleek desktop design; multiple units for • channel expansion • Interfaces to 547C Pentium PC

22. HYDROLOGICAL MONITORING NETWORK TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK MAWS301 HYDROMETEOROLOGICALMONITORING NETWORKS MetMan MONITORING NETWORK MANAGEMENT

23. MetMan 400MONITORING NETWORK MANAGEMENT • COLLECTING DATA FROM MULTITUDE OF HYDRO-STATIONS AND SENSORS • DATA STORAGE AT Oracle 9i DATA BASE AND ASCII FILES • DATA VIEWS FOR METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL MODELLING • MANAGEMENT OF METADATA (CALIBRATIONS, STATION HISTORY ETC) • Oracle SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR DEVELOPING HYDROLOGICAL DATA PRODUCTS TELECOMM NETWORK

24. MetMan 400MONITORING NETWORK MANAGEMENT • USER SCALABLE COMMUNICATION CONTROL VIA MODEM, GSM/SMS, TCP/IP, FTP, SATELLITE ETC.. • DATA DISTRIBUTION TO MULTIPLE USERS VIA LAN • REALTIME DISPLAY OF DATA, INCL. MAPS • DISPLAY OF ARCHIEVED DATA • REMOTE MAINTENANCE Communication server(s) Work station(s) LAN Monitoring Monitoring Hydrological Hydrological Data Data Modeling Modeling Database server(s) Maintenance Data displays ....