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EUA’s view on Internationalisation

EUA’s view on Internationalisation. Michael Gaebel European University Association Brussels National Conference – Internationalisation of Higher Education Brdo – 2 February 2011. European University Association. Overview. Internationalisation - what does it mean ? Case study EUA

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EUA’s view on Internationalisation

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  1. EUA’s view on Internationalisation Michael Gaebel European University Association Brussels National Conference – Internationalisation of Higher Education Brdo – 2 February 2011

  2. European University Association

  3. Overview • Internationalisation - whatdoesitmean? • Case study EUA • Case studyGovernments • Decisions to betaken by universities • Perspectives for Slovenia

  4. Universities are international by nature • Scholars + students from all over Europe • Universality of sciences – truth • University model exported all arround the world • Common good – cui bono?

  5. TRENDS 2010 Report: A decade of change in European Higher Education • More than 800 university responses • 27 national rectors’ assocations • 28 site visits in 16 countries • 44%/ 58% of European students • www.eua.be

  6. TRENDS 2010: Strategic priorities

  7. What is higher education internationalisation “Internationalization at the national, sector, and institutional levels is defined as the process of integrating an international, intercultural, or globaldimension  into the purpose, functions or delivery of postsecondaryeducation.” Jane Knight “… as the international dimension of higher education gains more attention and recognition, people tend to use it in the way that best suits their purpose.” Hans De Wit

  8. InternationalisationEUA’s view

  9. EUA’s « European » Mandate • Coretask: Strengthen the Europeanuniversities • Institutionaldevelopment and dissemination of good practices • Policy developmentatEuropeanLevel • Bologna Process – EuropeanHigher Education Area • Lisbon Agenda – EuropeanResearch Area

  10. The European Dimension (Internationalisation I) • European higher education and Research Area • Future of European HE not just a question of the Bologna process only • From a university perspective - different reform processes impact on universities & their different missions • Mobility, exchange and cooperation, systems’ convergence • Modernisation of European HE: goverance, autonomy, funding • European HE model?

  11. The European HE model • intra-European cooperation and exchange • but also common approaches • 3 cycles - research based teaching • Stronger link between EHEA and ERA • QA – a European Dimension - EQAR • Autonomy • Profiling - diversity of missions • Social dimension: inclusiveness, LLL • Public responsiblity for HE

  12. Bologna Process - good for Europe. What about the rest of the world? • Higher education is international • Global policy dialogue and partnership are key modes for Europe’s interaction with the wider world. • The Bologna Process is a key opportunity for discussing and cooperating with international partners

  13. International Interest in Bologna • Growing interest in the Bologna process across the globe • Demand for policy dialogue • 3 cycle degree structure, how it articulates with other regions • QA • Interest to link national/ regional HE systems to Bologna • Specific examples: • Change in the attitude of US Graduate schools towards Bologna degrees • Australia has launched a consultation process on the impact of Bologna on Australian HEIs and aspires for a SE Asia process • Francophone Africa and the MEDA countries of the southern Mediterranean adopt Bologna Reforms etc. • Kazakhstan and Israel applied for Bologna membership

  14. The Global Dimension of Eurpean Higher Education (Internationalisation II) • Europe is not isolated • Global pressures + challenges • Global issues such as energy, climate , health, economies, supplies, terms of trade • Demographic changes • increasing international interdependencies • Research cooperation – beyond Europe’s borders • Competition for brains, funding, resources need to think and work in a global framework

  15. Put Europe into global perspective

  16. Internationalisation at EUA – How? • Strategy paper: International Agenda • Goals, means and possibilities (funding) • staff • Change of EUA - involve colleagues • Risk of mission creep • How does it relate to • National rectors’ conferences • Individual university members • address other levels than the rector within the university • European Commission: no international strategy • DG Research, DG EAC, EuropeAid

  17. EUA’s International Agenda - 2006 • Global dialogue • Dialogue and cooperation with partners in the wider world • European Research Area + European Higher Education Area in a global context • European level policies for international exchange and cooperation • Internationalisation of European Higher Education institutions • European good practices for internationalisation Put Europe into perspective to a wider world

  18. Why EUA needs the international Agenda • Our members are international • Improving understanding of the relationship between the EHEA and the wider world • Understand where different agenda’s are interlinked (research, battle for brains, TNE) • Regionalisation? Asia, Latin America, Africa.... • Mobility beyond Europe and equitable exchange • Who is learning from Bologna....Is it a reference for quality? • Explain and promote the European HE • Recognition • Interest in regional HE convergence processes • Information on development trends in other world regions

  19. Example: Europe-Africa cooperation • Access to Success – Fostering trust and exchange betweenAfrica and Europe (2008-2010) • Erasmus Mundus Action 3: Enhancing the ‘attractiveness’ of Europeanhighereducation Goals • enhanceunderstanding and trust • contribute to policydevelopment • stimulateAfrica-Europe institutionalcooperation and partnership • Promote the role of universities in development

  20. Outcomes • Addressing themes of mutual interest • Access and retention • Mobility (intraregional/ interregional) • Cooperation between Africa and Europe • Networking among members and partners • Arround 300 particpants, from different parts of Europe and Africa (incl. Universities, Ministries, agenies etc.) • Link into the official Africa-EU Strategic Partnership • Impact on institutional and national cooperation approaches

  21. Outcomes - continued • White Paper: Africa-Europe Higher Education Partnership for development: Meeting Regional and Global Challenges • Two new projectsinvolvingAfricanPartners: QualityConnect, Co-Doc • Emphasis on university contribution to developmentcooperation and institutionalcapacity building • Africa-Europe Platform?

  22. Why Governmentswant internationalisation3 examples

  23. Example 1: Economic aspects

  24. The global student market • Increase in tertiary education • Increase in mobile students: • 2007 - 2.8 million students were enrolled in higher educational institutions outside their country of origin • a 53% increase since1999 • Six countries host 67% of the world’s foreign or mobile students: US (23%) UK (12%), Germany (11%), France (10%), Australia (7%) and Japan (5%) • Transnational education • Growth – but also • Diversification of destinations • Home stay • Brain drain – brain circulation

  25. Example 2:Humanism - and foreign politics (1) Senator J. William Fulbright The Fulbright Commission aims to bring a little more knowledge, a little more reason, and a little more compassion into world affairs and thereby increase the chance that nations will learn at last to live in peace and friendship. (2) Senator J. William Fulbright educational exchange as, "from the standpoint of future world peace and order, probably the most important and potentially rewarding of our foreign policy activities."

  26. Example 3: Research collaboration – and competiveness “We live at a time of great scientific opportunity, where global collaborations are essential for facilitating scientific discoveries aimed at improving public health. As science has become more complex, so has the need for both specialization and multidisciplinary approaches to problem-solving. While discovery increasingly depends on a new level of collaboration, it also depends on expertise, which may not reside within one country or even within one continent.” Former US National Institutes for Health Director Elias Zerhouni and European Commissioner for Science and Research Janez Potocnik (14 Nov. 2008 in Science Magazine)

  27. Global issues • Climate change (catastrophes and opportunities) • Globalisation (communication, transport, migration) • Demographic developments • Urbanization, city / region and national and regionalcompetitiveness agendas • Lisbon Strategy 2000: Europe – the most competitive knowledge economy • EU-2020: Smart growth • Bologna: regional convergence and international competitiveness

  28. Prospects for International HE policy at European level • So far, at the EC “programme” logic • DG research • DG Education: Erasmus Mundus • Development programmes • EU 2020 + new Modernisation Agenda for HE/ HEI • Ever first International HE Strategy • New European Foreign Service • Environment is changing • Tuition fees • Demographic changes

  29. How internationalisation impacts the university and its members

  30. Internationalisation – significant institutional implications • Every university has elements of internationalisation • Systemematic approaches? • Shared, communicated, within the institution – beyond • Clear goals defined, priorties • Dedicated infrastructure, funding? • Governance + Leadership • International office, what is its role? • Does the institutional leadership contribute to internationalisation? • Internationalisation – not a • one man/ woman show Since when do we actually have to explain why we do things the way we do?

  31. Purposes • International research cooperation • Exchange and cooperation in teaching • Solidarity/ development cooperation • Attracting (international) talent • Lack of (qualified) staff and students • Income from international students • Partnership/ international outreach • National strategy – provision of incentives • Etc.

  32. Example: partnerships • Partners – in other parts of the world • Partners of partners • Regional and international university network • Link it to non-university partners (industry)? • IAU, EAIE, EUA • Institutional? Between departments? • How drives it? Who can participate? • Language prepardness • The benefits? • Duration?

  33. Staff • International staff – previously exception • International experience – desired/ required • Working at home institution = in an international environment • Linguistic skills • Career prospects beyond national borders • Economic uncertainties (pensions, social security etc.) • Strong implications for private life

  34. Students • Formerly exception due to personal circumstances • Student mobility is more common • Better education • Education one can not get in the home country • International experience • Language learning etc. • Implications for career prospects • Range and volume of temporary mobility enhanced • Choices - and economic restrictions • Part of study plan and student experience • Recognition - reintegration

  35. Is the university prepared for international students? • Curricula? • Language environment • Information and support in foreign languages • Website • Language learning facilities • Student services • Integration of international students • Sending and receiving?

  36. Communication + Promotion • How to promote the university? • Research merits • Excellence in teaching • Slovenia • International connectivity • European backdrop? • Bologna • Political Europe/ EU • Cultural diversity • Longstanding university traditions

  37. Strategies and profiles • No university can do all – decisions to be taken • Do not do it, because the others do • What is the institutional potential? • What are the options? Examples • focus on certain geographical regions • Cooperation with institutions of a similar type • Establish multilevel partnerships • Consortia for projects • Joint programmes, joint degrees • Provision of international Masters/PHD • Off shore campus

  38. Conclusion and open issues

  39. National – international • As international dimension is growing • Higher education: no longer a “national” affair only • Growing importance of supranational processes and trajectories • Regional convergence • Interregional relations • Global Dimension

  40. Reasons for institutional internationalisation • Understand others and learn from them, • explain what we do, and ensure that we are understood • competition • solidarity • synergies and cooperation • a window with a view – to the world • Global Dialogue and internationalization of European universities

  41. EUA TRENDS 2010: A four point agenda for the next decade • European Citizens for the 21 Century: Lifelong access to learning • A partnership to support Quality, creativity and innovation • The European Knowledge Area • A European higher education identity in the world

  42. European Higher Education and Research Area- increasingly intertwined in a global setting EUA Slide 46 …46… Europeanhigher Education Area (EHEA) and EuropeanResearch Area (ERA) cannotfunction in a vacuum communicate and share the ‘Europeanprocesses’ is crucial Different institutions and countries across the EHEA are atdifferent phases of their ‘internationalisation’ process & have differentpriorities Attracting global talent- brain drain Demographicdevelopmentswillplay an increasingly important role

  43. Internationalisation, not commercialisation • Europe retains sensitivities about the institutional mission • Political level: university a pillar of economic growth and competitiveness • But: Ministers confirm: Higher education – public good/ responsibility • Valid in Europe • Outside: public universities turn private? • Educating the global citizen

  44. Future of the university What type of universities do we need? • Battle between a few global players - world class universities • Transnational universities? • Ranking of the top league? • Or: Diversity of mission supported by robust HE systems

  45. Internationalisation – also a matter of taking up different perspecitves...

  46. Thank you Information at www.eua.be

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