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上週影片分享

上週影片分享. CRASH ( 衝擊效應） 省思與討論： 關於族裔的 identity 關於人際的 communication 關於多重的 self, role, etc. 社會的 interrelated connections. Communication in Groups and Teams. Chapter 9 skipped (Personal Relationship) Why are groups and teams becoming increasingly popular How do groups and teams differ?

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上週影片分享

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  1. 上週影片分享 • CRASH (衝擊效應） • 省思與討論： • 關於族裔的 identity • 關於人際的 communication • 關於多重的 self, role, etc. • 社會的 interrelated connections Communication in Groups and Teams

  2. Communication in Groups and Teams • Chapter 9 skipped (Personal Relationship) • Why are groups and teams becoming increasingly popular • How do groups and teams differ? • What are the potential strengths of group discussion? • What are the potential limits of group discussion? • Do groups need single leaders? • How can conflict enhance work in groups and teams? • How does communication shape group and team climate? Communication in Groups and Teams

  3. Communication inGroups and Teams • Work together, or On your own? • Research found sound reasons for both • Groups (vs. Individuals) • More time to reach decisions • Superior decisions • Stimulates creativity, may suppress individuals Communication in Groups and Teams

  4. Groups in Daily Lives • Social groups • Provides stimulation of conversation and recreation • Relaxed, informal, more interpersonal • Personal growth groups • Enable people to deal with issues in supportive context • Task groups • To solve problems, achieve goals Communication in Groups and Teams

  5. Defining Groups & Teams • A Group • People interact • People are interdependent • Have a common goal • Share some rules of conduct • A Team • A special kind of group • Different & complementary resources of members • A strong sense of collective identity; greater interdependence Communication in Groups and Teams

  6. Six Kinds of Group inBusiness and Civic Life (pp. 258-261) • Project teams 工作團隊 • Focus group 焦點團體 • Brainstorming groups 腦力激盪小組 • Advisory Groups 顧問團;諮詢小組 • Quality circles 改進小組;策進小組 • Decision making groups 決策小組 Communication in Groups and Teams

  7. Rules for Brainstorming • Do not evaluate ideas; no criticism. • Record ideas so everyone can see them. • Quantity; the more ideas, the better. • Build on ideas; extension. • Encourage creativity. Communication in Groups and Teams

  8. Agenda for Problem-solving (or Decision-making) • Phase 1: Define the problem • Phase 2: Analyze information relevant to the problem • Phase 3: Generate criteria for assess solutions • Phase 4: Identify potential solutions • Phase 5: Select the best solution • Phase 6: Implement the solution (or recommend it) • Phase 7: Develop an action plan to monitor the effectiveness of the solution p. 262 (Figure 10.2) Communication in Groups and Teams

  9. Potential Limitation &Strength of Groups • Limitations • Time needed • Conformity pressure • Majority opinion different from minority • One extremely charismatic member • Strengths • Greater resources • More thorough thought • Heightened creativity • Enhanced commitment to decisions • (Synergy): • Special energy that enlarges efforts, talents…of individuals • Total effects more than the sum of individual effects Communication in Groups and Teams

  10. Features of Small Groups (5 features) • Cohesion: closeness, spirit among member, • Cohesion grows out of communication. • 3 ways to promote cohesion • Emphasize shared goals; reinforce group identity • Highlight similarity among members • Be responsive so all member feel valued • Excessive cohesion →Groupthink (ceased critical thinking) • Group size • Size affects amount and quality of communication • Larger vs. smaller groups • Five-seven, optimal (most researchers aggree) Communication in Groups and Teams

  11. Features of Small Groups • Power structure • Power over: emphasizing status • Power to: empowering others; fostering win-win • Distributed power structure vs. Hierarchical • Social climbing: trying to increase personal status by winning approval of higher-status member • Interaction pattern • Centralized vs. Decentralized patterns • Proxemics: communication relevant to space • Group norms Communication in Groups and Teams

  12. Challenges (1) (3 challenges) • Participating constructively • Four types of communication in groups (p. 269) • Task communication • Procedural communication • Climate communication • Egocentric communication (dysfunctional) Communication in Groups and Teams

  13. Challenges (2) • Providing leadership • Leadership is born, or made? (research found no coherent leader traits) • Leadership, Not leader • Establish good working climate, organize group processes, ensure substantive discussion, and control disruptive members Communication in Groups and Teams

  14. Challenges (3) • Managing conflict constructively • Conflict is natural, can be productive (Ch. 3) • Disruptive (vs. Constructive conflict) • Competitive tone • Self-interested focus • Personal attack • Constructive • Respect for diverse opinions • Emphasize shared goals • Cooperative focus, open climate Communication in Groups and Teams

  15. 分組討論 • 鄰近的同學5-6人一組 • 抽籤選組發表討論結果 問題討論： • 請就影片中的發言來分類：task, procedural, climate, egocentric • 用p.262 Figure 10.2 分析影片中的發言 Communication in Groups and Teams

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