MACBETH

1. Department Of English

2. MACBETH OBJECTIVES The main objectives are to: -Understand the Shakespearean theatre . -Grasp the features of Tragedy and Comedy. -Interpret Macbeth as an Aristotelian Tragedy -Analyze Macbeth as a Tragic Hero. Department Of English

3. William Shakespeare William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-on-Avon. He was baptized on April 23, 1564 and died there on April 23, 1616. At 18 he married 26 year old Anne Hathaway. They had a daughter, Susanna and twins, Hamlet and Judith. Hamlet died when he was eleven. This is an artist’s drawing of his original home. Department Of English

4. STRATFORD-ON-AVON • This is Anne Hathaway’s house. Shakespeare and his family lived in it for a time. It has been restored and visitors can view how the playwright and his family lived. Department Of English

5. -Shakespeare moved his family to London where he became a member of a theatrical company, the Lord Chamberlain’s men. -He achieved some success as an actor, poet and playwright. -In 1598, he partnered with James Burbage and created The Globe Theatre along the banks of the River Thames. Department Of English

6. Department Of English

7. THE GLOBE THEATRE The Globe was restored in the 1990’s according to plans and descriptions that survived. Department Of English

8. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE and MACBETH Department Of English

9. “Fair is foul, and foul is fair. Hover through the fog and filthy air.” 1:1 What do you suspect immediately from this scene? Department Of English

10. The play Macbeth is called a tragedy but is he a tragic hero? • Aristotle offers a definition of a tragic hero: • He is a character of noble stature and a man of status. • 2. The hero is great but not perfect. He is essentially like us. • 3. The hero has an error of judgment or a tragic character flaw such as hubris which is arrogant pride. Department Of English

11. Aristotle offers a definition of a tragic hero: 4.The hero’s punishment exceeds the crime. 5. The hero achieves self-knowledge 6. The audience is not in a state of depression a catharsis occurs – pity and fear for the fate of the tragic hero Department Of English

12. SHAKESPEAREAN TRAGEDY EXPOSITION – time, place, mood, characters revealed EXCITING FORCE – begins conflict that will continue throughout the play RISING ACTION – events which lead to the climax of the play CLIMAX – Turning point of the play. The Shakespearean hero moves to his/her inevitable end. CATASTROPHE –(Denouement in French) Consequences of the hero’s actions – his death. Department Of English

13. ACT I – exposition, exciting force, rising action ACT II – rising action ACT III – rising action, climax ACT IV – falling action ACT V – catastrophe/denouement Department Of English

14. Tragic heroes must inspire fear and pity. They contribute to their own destruction by acts that reveal a flaw in their character or a tragic error that leads to death. {HAMARTIA OR THE TRAGIC FLAW THAT LEADS TO THE HERO’S DOWNFALL} • 2. The tragedy proceed from action – a series of interconnected deeds and relationships that lead to complications and the inevitable catastrophe – death. • 3. The tragic hero is isolated. Department Of English

15. 4.Opposition to the hero is mobilized. 5. Hero finally recognizes his flaw. 6. Hero may attempt to restore lost honor and greatness. 7. Tragic hero dies. 8. Order is restored. Department Of English

16. OBJECTIVES The main objectives are to: -Analyze the themes -Interpret the techniques. -Critically interpret the text. ----- Interpretation of Macbeth as a Tragedy of Moral order. Department Of English

17. As you watch the film decide if Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are tragic heroes or psychopaths. Department Of English

18. THEMES • Appearance vs reality • Ambition • Temptation • Cruelty • Kingship vs. tyranny • Supernatural/superstition • Guilt Department Of English

19. “Fair is foul and foul is fair.” THEMES Nothing is as it seems – Appearance vs reality Macbeth - “And nothing is but what is not.”(1.iii.155) Macbeth: “False face must hide what the false heart doth know.” (I.vii, 95) Donalbain - There’s daggers in men’s smiles.” (II.iii, 4) Department Of English

20. Themes continued -Ambition - corrupting force? -Cruelty – province only of men? -Kingship vs tyranny -Supernatural/superstition effects on behavior -Anything else come to mind? Department Of English

21. TECHNIQUES • Imagery • Allusion • Alliteration • Simile/metaphor • Irony • Dramatic irony • Symbols Department Of English

22. IMAGERY IN MACBETH • Ill fitting clothing • 2. Light vs darkness • 3. Blood • Water/washing • 5. Nature vs supernatural • 6. Weather • Hallucinations/dreams Department Of English

23. As you read notice Shakespeare’s use of literary or rhetorical devices. He is known for his clever manipulation of language. • allusion • alliteration • simile/metaphor • irony • Dramatic irony • symbols Department Of English

24. Macbeth as a Tragedy of Moral Order Department Of English

25. An artist’s interpretation of Macbeth’s castle, Dunsinane. Department Of English

26. Besides his wonderful language, many of Shakespeare’s plays have famous soliloquies where a character stands all alone on the stage and reveals his thoughts aloud. In the next 3 slides you will read parts of famous soliloquies from Macbeth. Department Of English

27. “Is this a dagger which I see before me, the handle toward my hand? Come let me clutch thee…Hear it not Duncan, for it is a knell, That summons thee to heaven or to hell.” (Macbeth, I, i) Department Of English

28. “Out, damned spot! out, I say! One; two: why, then, ’tis time to do ’t. Hell is murky! Fie, my lord, fie! a soldier, and afeard? What need we fear who knows it, when none can call our power to account? Yet who would have thought the old man to have had so much blood in him? ” (Lady Macbeth, V, i) Department Of English

29. “Out, out brief candle! Life’s but a walking shadow, a poor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stage and then is heard no more. It is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury signifying nothing.” (Macbeth V, v) Department Of English

30. Questions As you watch the film, think about these questions: *Is Macbeth completely a villain? Does he have a conscience? *What are the forces that determine Macbeth’s destiny? *To what degree are the witches responsible for Macbeth’s downfall? Department Of English

31. Questions • The play opens with the witches talking in a thunderstorm. This creates atmosphere and mood. What images throughout the play contribute to the evil atmosphere? Were the actions of the characters in tune with the atmosphere? Department Of English

32. Questions Bad dreams and disturbed sleep often represent psychological turmoil. What examples of disturbed do you find? What do they reveal about the characters? Department Of English

33. Questions continued: *Does Macbeth or Lady Macbeth remind you of any characters that you have read about, seen on television or the movies? *What sort of music would you choose to surround the play? *What did you like about the play? *What did you hate? Department Of English