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Unit 3: Balancing Chemical Equations

Unit 3: Balancing Chemical Equations. Section 3: Types of Chemical Reactions. Types of Chemical Reactions. Synthesis Decomposition Single-displacement (single-replacement) Double-displacement (double-replacement) Combustion. Synthesis. Two substances combine to form a compound

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Unit 3: Balancing Chemical Equations

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  1. Unit 3: Balancing Chemical Equations Section 3: Types of Chemical Reactions

  2. Types of Chemical Reactions • Synthesis • Decomposition • Single-displacement (single-replacement) • Double-displacement (double-replacement) • Combustion

  3. Synthesis • Two substances combine to form a compound • A + X  AX “2 things become 1” • Ex: 2 Mg + O2  2 MgO

  4. Decomposition • One compound breaks down into two different substances • AX  A + X “1 thing breaks down into 2” • Ex: 2 NaCl  2 Na + Cl2

  5. Single-Displacement • An element replaces a similarly charged element in a compound • A + BX  AX + B • Ex: 2 Na + MgCl2  Mg + 2 NaCl • “positive replaces positive” • Y + BX  BY + X • Ex: Cl2 + 2 KBr  Br2 + 2 KCl • “negative replaces negative”

  6. Double-Displacement • Two original compounds form two new compounds • AX + BY  AY + BX • Ex: FeS + 2 HCl  FeCl2 + H2S

  7. Combustion • A substance that combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water • __?__ + O2 CO2 + H2O • Ex: C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O

  8. Practice Problems • N2 + 3H2 2NH3 • 2KClO3  2KCl + 3O2 • 2H2 + O2  2H2O • C3H8 + 5O2  3CO2 + 4H2O • FeCl3 + 3NaOH  Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl • 2K + MgBr2  2KBr + Mg • 2AgNO3 + MgCl2  2AgCl + Mg(NO3)2

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