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Literacy for women . Colette colburn - towson university. Who has literacy issues?. 32 million adults in the United States cannot read (Statistic Brain, 2013) 14% of the adult population in the United States cannot read at all and 21% read below a 5 th grade level (Crum, 2013)
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Literacy for women Colette colburn- towson university
Who has literacy issues? • 32 million adults in the United States cannot read (Statistic Brain, 2013) • 14% of the adult population in the United States cannot read at all and 21% read below a 5th grade level (Crum, 2013) • For every one illiterate male in the world, there are two illiterate females (UN News Centre, 2010) • There are 17 countries with a female illiteracy rate of 90% (Womenaid International, 2000) • Developing countries are much more likely to have literacy issues compared to developed countries • Rural areas with fewer education centers also have high literacy rates. There is a “distinctive urban and rural divide and most of the illiterates are found in the rural areas”(Afzal, 2009, p. 249).
why ARE WOMEN MORE LIKELY TO BE ILLITERATE? • There is a huge gender gap in literacy rates, as I stated before, 2/3 of all illiterate people are women. Since illiteracy is such an issue in many developing countries, much aid has been given to these people. However, the aid is rarely used to help educate women, but is rather used to “strengthen male-dominated power structures,” (Hertzog, 2009, p. 44). Men are also typically granted many more educational opportunities than women.
Illiteracy is passed down • When a woman is uneducated, it is more likely that her children will be uneducated as well. “The education of parents is linked to their children's educational attainment, and the mother's education is usually more influential than the father's,” (UNFPA, 2012, para. 3). A child with a mother who has some education is better off, and is also more likely to have more resources than a child with an illiterate mother.
Consequences of illiteracy • Large families are often a result of illiteracy, “Compared with illiterate young women, educated ones desire smaller families and generally manage to achieve that goal,” (Gillis, 2011, para. 5). • Overpopulation, “the average women reaching reproductive maturity in 1950 was unschooled, had married at age 15 or younger, bore five or more children-two of whom died within 5 years-and was at serious risk of dying in childbirth herself” (Levine, 2012, pp. 21-22). • Health issues • Lower pay • Fewer job opportunities • Shortened life expectancy