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Chronic Stress and Metabolic Systems

Chronic Stress and Metabolic Systems. Mark R. Bartlett Ph.D. Senior Scientist, Pharmanex. YIKES!. Yo quiero. anxiousness. stress. sadness. conflict. personality. bereavement. nervous system. endocrine system. immune system. HEALTH. Adrenal. stressors. Glucocorticoids Gluco=sugar.

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Chronic Stress and Metabolic Systems

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  1. Chronic Stress and Metabolic Systems Mark R. Bartlett Ph.D. Senior Scientist, Pharmanex

  2. YIKES!

  3. Yo quiero...

  4. anxiousness stress sadness conflict personality bereavement nervous system endocrine system immune system HEALTH

  5. Adrenal stressors Glucocorticoids Gluco=sugar Hypothalamus CRH Pituitary Cortisol ACTH

  6. Trier Social Stress Test (public speaking & arithmetic) M. Altemus, Cornell University.

  7. The “normal” stress resonse Why Zebras Don’t Get Ulcers… Robert Sapolsky, PhD Stanford stress researcher Yikes!!! A. Stress happens B. Stress Response Begins in Brain (lots of chemistry) Whew! Run Away D. Stress response ends. Stress hormones dissipate C. Fight or flight

  8. But you are NOT a Zebra… Yikes!!! Same stress response begins in the brain (lots of chemistry) Yikes!!! Stress responsecontinues. Stresshormones lead totissue damage Modern stressors do not permit fight or flight

  9. STRESS • ACUTE STRESS • brief • normal circadian rhythm • adaptive • CHRONIC STRESS • prolonged & repeated • disrupted circadian rhythm • maladaptive

  10. Adrenal stressors Glucocorticoids Gluco=sugar Hypothalamus CRH Pituitary Cortisol ACTH

  11. Elevated Cortisol and Appetite • Women with high cortisol response (compared to women with low cortisol response): • consumed more calories • ate significantly more sweet foods • had more negative moods • High dietary restraint is associated with high urinary cortisol excretion • Dietary Restraint = Consciously trying to limit food intake to achieve or maintain a desired body weight 1. Epel ES, et al. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2001;26:37-49. 2. McLean JA, Barr SI, Prior JC. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;73:7-12.

  12. 0.5 24 0.4 23 0.3 22 0.2 21 0.1 20 0 19 Abdominal Fat & Stress-Related Cortisol Stress-related cortisol Abdominal Fat P<0.05 P<0.05 22.5±3.7 0.34 ±0.5 21.5±4.1 cm nmol/L 0.15 ±0.6 20.6±2.2 0.04 ±0.3 11-20 <10 <10 11-20 >21 >21 Years in work Rosmond, et al. Obes Res 2000;8:445-450.

  13. Abdominal Fat Accumulation Normal Stress / Normal Cortisol High Stress / High Cortisol

  14. Treatment Control 1.0 0.5 0.0 -0.5 Abdominal Fat (%) -1.0 -1.5 -2.0 -2.5 baseline post-tx (3 mo.) follow-up (6 mo.) Time % Change in Abdominal Fat * TREATMENT F=9.7, p< .008 Epel et al. Psychosom Med 2000;62(5):623-32.

  15. Cortisol Levels Are Elevated In... • Stress • Lack of Sleep • Dieting / Restrained eating • Adults who need to control cortisol levels are… • Frequently confronted with stressful situations • Getting less than 8 hours of sleep every night • Limiting caloric intake to lose weight

  16. You can control cortisol levels via: Stress Management Techniques • Meditation, Coping strategies, etc… Exercise • Daily, moderate aerobic and strength training Nutrition Supplements • Avoid ephedra and related stimulants • Cortisol-controlling supplements (PS, Beta-sitosterol...) • Relaxation supplements (Magnolia, Theanine…) Evaluation (every month to see how you are doing)

  17. Scientific Substantiation • Magnolia bark • calming effects; non-sedating • Epimedium • reduces cortisol levels during high stress • L-Theanine • increase alpha brain wave production; promotes relaxed alertness and concentration; non-sedating • Phosphatidylserine • reduces cortisol levels following strenuous exercise; improves mental function and positive feelings • Beta-sitosterol • balances cortisol:DHEA ratio; supports immune function *References available upon request

  18. Cortitrol™ STRESS CONTROL FORMULA- Health Benefits - • Enhances feelings of wellbeing and control in response to stressful situations • Improves performance and increased vigor throughout the day • Better mental concentration and focus • Supports weight maintenance efforts

  19. The Right Approachto Weight Management Removes the metabolic road blocks to long-lasting results. • Diet • Exercise • Supplements: • Cortitrol • Tegreen 97 • CraveEase

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