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MEDIUM PERTUMBUHAN MIKROORGANISME

MEDIUM PERTUMBUHAN MIKROORGANISME. Nutrient. "Something that nourishes or promotes growth and repairs the natural wastage of organic life." (Websters, 1986)

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MEDIUM PERTUMBUHAN MIKROORGANISME

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  1. MEDIUM PERTUMBUHAN MIKROORGANISME

  2. Nutrient • "Something that nourishes or promotes growth and repairs the natural wastage of organic life." (Websters, 1986) • More specifically, nutrients are elements and specific combinations of elements (chemicals) that specific organisms require for growth and repair

  3. Komponen-komponen kimia nutrisi yang diperlukan untuk pertumbuhan mikroorganisme • Macroelements / macronutrients (C, O, H, N, S, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe), are required by microorganisms in relatively large amounts • Trace elements or micronutrients (Mn, Zn, Co, Mo, Ni, Cu) are required in trace amounts by most cells and are often adequately supplied in the water used to prepare the media or in the regular media components • Other elements may be needed by particular types of microorganisms

  4. Most microorganisms can be categorized as belonging to one of four major nutritional types depending on their sources of carbon, energy, and electrons: • Photolithotrophic autotrophs • Chemoorganotrophic heterotrophs • Photoorganotrophic heterotrophs • Chemolithotrophic autotrophs

  5. Energy • Phototrophs use light as their energy source • Chemotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of organic or inorganic compounds

  6. Electrons • Lithotrophs use reduced inorganic compounds as their electron source • Organotrophs use reduced organic compounds as their electron source

  7. Requirements for Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur • Nitrogen  synthesis of amino acids, purines, pyrimidines and other molecules  organic molecules, assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrogen fixation • Phosphorus  nucleic acids, phospholipids, nucleotides and other molecules • Sulfur  synthesis of certain amino acids and other molecules

  8. Growth Factors • Growth factors are organic compounds required by the cell because they are essential cell components (or precursors of these components) that the cell cannot synthesize; there are three major classes: • Amino acids  needed for protein synthesis • Purines and pyrimidines  needed for nucleic acid synthesis • Vitamins  function as enzyme cofactors

  9. Media kultivasi • A culture medium is a solid or liquid preparation used to grow, transport, and store microorganisms • Synthetic (defined) media are media in which all components and their concentrations are known • Complex media are media that contain some ingredients of unknown composition and/or concentration; this type supplies amino acids, vitamins, growth factors, and other nutrients

  10. Types of Media • General purpose media will support the growth of many microorganisms • Enriched media are supplemented by blood or other special nutrients to encourage the growth of fastidious heterotrophs • Selective media favor the growth of particular microorganisms and inhibit the growth of others • Differential media distinguish between different groups of bacteria on the basis of their biological characteristics

  11. Catatan utk formulasi medium kultivasi : • Kultivasi mikroorganisme apa ? Bakteri / yeast / fungi • Aerob / anaerob • pH pertumbuhan • Medium padat / semi padat / cair • Untuk kultivasi / biomassa / metabolit • Kadar garam

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