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A Danish model for Scotland?. Edinburgh 24.3.2010 by Morten Lassen. The Purpose?. Policy- import? – No! - different contexts, different regimes Policy-transfer? – Perhaps! - depends on specific conditions and political will Policy-learning? – Yes!
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A Danish model for Scotland? Edinburgh 24.3.2010 by Morten Lassen
The Purpose? • Policy- import? – No! - different contexts, different regimes • Policy-transfer? – Perhaps! - depends on specific conditions and political will • Policy-learning? – Yes! - inspirations on content, institutions and processes
A Few Facts About Denmark • 5.4 mio. inhabitants • An universalistic welfare state: - social welfare financed through taxes - free public services for all citizens in many areas • The Danish Labour Market model: - based on the flexicurity model - tripartite co-operation
The Danish Labour Market: - the labour force constitutes appr. 2.8. mio. people - a high participation rate of appr. 77% - women make up about 47.5.% of the labour force - about 33 % of all employed work in public sector
The Danish flexicurity triangle • Low employment protection • High job mobility Flexible labour market Income security Unem-ployment benefits Active LMP Educational policy etc. • Focus on better qualifications • Right and duty to accept job offers • High degree of compensation • Four years in the insurance system
LLL-policy objectives since 2007 • Provision of a coherent and publicly funded education and continuing training system for adults at all levels • Ensure access for all – not least low skilled • Coherent education/training and career guidance for adults • Ensure possibilities of skills and competence development (general and work-related supply from public institutions) • Ensure recognition of skills and competencies of prior learning (focus on non-formal and informal learning) by employers and society at large • New institutional framework – VET-centres from 2010
Some deepenings about VET • Financing: • Public provision and taximeter funding of approved education activities • Co-financing by participants or employers through graduated tuition fees favouring low-skilled, certain offers being free • Co-financing by competence-funds, raised by collective agreements giving individual rights for wage-earners • Publicly financed support/allowance schemes for forgone earnings during trainee leave (qualifying courses only) • Training for unemployed purchased by Public Employment Service
VOCATIONAL ADULT EDUCATION AND TRAINING for low- skilled and skilledlabour-two main entries
Deepening about Adult Vocational training (AMU) • Main objectives: • To provide, maintain and improve skills and competencies of participants in accordance with the demand of the labour market • To solve restructuring and adaptation needs in the labour market • To contribute to lifelong learning upgrading of skills and competencies in the workforce
Profile of the AMU-system: • Target group: Unskilled and skilled workers (more than 500.000 participants per year in a course) • More than 3000 programmes • Each year, app. 500 programmes are developed or changed due to changed needs on the labour market • Nationally recognised certificate upon completion of a course • More than 150 providers: colleges, training centres and private providers
JOINT COMPETENCE DESCRIPTIONS - A shift from focusing on education and training to focusing on competencies
Some Danish Challenges • Raising activity for unskilled persons • -a question of motivation • Raising activity for employed in SME’s • a question of firm decisions and offensive promoting of VET-supply • Better interplay between general and vocational providers • a question of strategic planning by management of institutions • Implementing new VET-centres for better need scanning in firms and coordination of supply in a still more market –oriented supply • a question of strategic will and cooperative spirit from the people of the supplying institutions • -Raising activity for unemployed • a question of new policy profile of labour market policy
Thank you for your attention • I hope you have been inspired for further discussions of learning, perhaps transfer or even import of the Danish model of Life Long Learning……..