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Revision Summary for Sections 5 - 7.

Revision Summary for Sections 5 - 7. Answer the questions from the text to start with. When you have done that once go through them without any prompts. What made homesteading on the Plains so difficult?. No wood for fuel or housing, extreme climate, no water, hard land, fires and insects.

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Revision Summary for Sections 5 - 7.

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  1. Revision Summary for Sections 5 - 7. Answer the questions from the text to start with. When you have done that once go through them without any prompts.

  2. What made homesteading on the Plains so difficult?

  3. No wood for fuel or housing, extreme climate, no water, hard land, fires and insects.

  4. What were the special features of dry farming?

  5. Turkey Red Wheat, wind pumps, the Sodbuster plough and ploughing in rain or snow.

  6. Discuss the technological advances that helped the Plains homesteaders.

  7. Corn planters, wind pumps, barbed wire and Deere’s plough. Later gangs of labourers with steam driven machines.

  8. Wood was scarce on the Plains. Give three uses for wood and explain the alternatives used by homesteaders.

  9. Building-Sod housesFuel- Cattle chipsFencing- barbed wire

  10. Why did the railway companies encourage homesteaders?

  11. They wanted customers for their trains.

  12. How did the railway companies solve their labour problems?

  13. They used Chinese worker.

  14. Discuss the ethnic mix of Plains homesteaders?

  15. Freed slaves,religious and economic migrants,demobilised soldiers & a small number of Indians.

  16. Where and when was the East-West railway line completed?

  17. Promontory Point, Utah in 1869.

  18. What event led to the breeding of the Texas Longhorn?

  19. The Americans taking Texas from the Mexicans.

  20. What happened to the cattle population of Texas during the Civil War?

  21. It expanded very quickly; one man’s herd went from180 to 5,000 for example.

  22. Name one man who benefited from the explosion in cattle population and explain how he cashed in on his good fortune.

  23. The man in the previous answer was Goodnight. He blazed a trail to the cattle towns and made a fortune.

  24. What piece of technology led to the great cattle drives and the Beef Bonanza?

  25. The railway

  26. Who made his fortune by building up Abilene? What was special about Abilene?

  27. Joseph McCoy, created Abilene as the first cattle town in 1867.

  28. Discuss the reasons for conflict between Cattle men and Homesteaders.

  29. Cattle crossed land with crops on, and homesteaders fenced off water.

  30. What was ‘Texas Fever’? Why was it a problem for homesteaders and not cattle men?

  31. A cattle tick (insect) it affected homesteaders cattle but not the Longhorn.

  32. How did John Iliff change the cattle business?

  33. He cross bred Longhorns with Herefords for hardy cattle with more meat.

  34. Would you really like to be a cowboy or cowgirl? Explain your answer.

  35. You would say yes because….. And list several features of the life (and myth) that are attractive, and no because….. And list the less pleasant features of life.Use the “Fred can shout…” mnemonic from the Indian questions in sections 1 & 2.

  36. What special features of the American quarter horse made it especially good as a cowboy’s mount?

  37. Sturdy and compact. It manoeuvred well and could travel long distances.

  38. Why was the Peacemaker a better pistol than the Dragoon carried during the Civil War?

  39. The brass cartridges of the peacemaker were more reliable than the cap and ball of the dragoon.

  40. Outline at least three factors that brought an end to the long trail drives of the Beef Bonanza.

  41. Markets declined.The cattle overgrazed the range.Hard winters and droughts killed many cattle.

  42. To what extent was there peace on the Plains before the arrival of the Whites?

  43. Indian tribes had always fought each other.

  44. How had the Cherokees tried to fit into European ways in Georgia and Texas, and how were they repaid?

  45. They used farming, houses and writing. They were forced out to Oklahoma, and many died on the ‘trail of tears’.

  46. Why did the Indian numbers drop in California from 100,000 in 1846 to 30,000 in 1851?

  47. Partly due to fighting but mainly disease.

  48. Discuss the medium and short term causes of the Santee Sioux war of 1862.

  49. Medium term was mainly starvation due to the shortages caused by the Civil War.Short term was the murder of 5 settlers for a dare and the Little Crow raid.

  50. Describe the events at Sand Creek on 29th November 1864 and what led to them.

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