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Olympic games

Olympic games. History.

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Olympic games

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  1. Olympicgames

  2. History • ThefirstOlympicgameswas in Greek in 776 beforeChristandregularlyeveryfouryears to year 393. Itwasgreatlygameswithceremoniesandmatches in Olympia in honourofDius, whowas a king ofgods. Duringgames, therewerestoppedconflictsandbrokeoffwars. • In theveryearliestOlympiadtherewasonlyoneevent - the 200 yard sprint. Soonothereventswereadded: boxing, wrestling, thepankrathion, thediscusthrow, thejevelinthrowandthelongjump. By the 25th Olympiadthefour-horsechariotracewasadded. • In 394 on interdictofTheodosius I was OG forbiddenand in 426 the temple ofDiuswasburntdownandtheotherbuildingsweredestroyed by earthquake in 6th century. Diskobolos was one of the best the discus-thrower and one of the most successful athlete the 5th century before Christ .

  3. New-GreekOlympicGames In november1859 in Athens 20 000 spectators saw 300 athletes on the first New-Greek OG. Evangelos Zappas was a man who have this idea and with country council decided about revival games in Olympia. Because the weather was bad, the games was in Athens. The next games was in year 1870, 1875 and 1887.

  4. ModernOlympicGames Baron Pierre de Coubertinwasthe man whostayedbehindtherevivalofOlympicGames. AtfirstnobodyagreedwiththerevivalofOlympicGames, but he didn´t surrenderand he traveledaroundtheworld, promotedtheGames. Thepeoplewerefascinatedandtheinternationalcongressabout sport in Paris decidedaboutrevivaltheOG. ThefirstmodernOlympicGames in 1896 in Athens in honor ofancientGreeks. 13 countriesparticipated in theGamesbut not Bohemia. Theathletescompeted in 9 kindsof sport andeverywinnergainedolivetwig, diplomaandsilvermedal (untiltheOlympics in London in 1908 theawardforwinnerwasonlysilvermedal). In 1924 in Chamonix was a „Weekofwintersports“ – itwasofficiallyname. Todayweconsiderthisevent as thefirst Winter OG. Thegames are organizedeveryfouryearsexceptthewaryears. Until 1992 wereSummmerand Winter Gamesheld in thesameyear. Butthenext OG rotatedregularlyevery 2 years. Medals from 1th moder Summer OG.

  5. TheOlympicsymbols • TheOlympicsymbols are icons, flagsandsymbolsused by theInternationalOlympicCommittee to promotetheOlympicGames. Some—such as theflame, fanfare, andtheme—are more commonduringOlympiccompetition, butothers, such as the flag, canbeseenthroughouttheyear. Motto: TheOlympic motto isCitius, Altius, Fortius , whichmeanssomethinglike "Faster, Higher, Stronger". The motto wasproposed by Pierre de Coubertin on thecreationoftheInternationalOlympicCommittee in 1894.

  6. Olympicrings The symbol oftheOlympicGamesiscomposedoffiveinterlockingrings, coloredblue, yellow, black, green, andred on a whitefield. Thiswasoriginallydesigned in 1912 by Baron Pierre de Coubertin, thefounderofthemodernOlympicGames. Theemblemchosen to illustrateandrepresenttheworldCongressof 1914...: fiveintertwinedrings in differentcolors - blue, yellow, black, green, andred - are placed on thewhitefieldofthepaper. These fiveringsrepresentthefivepartsoftheworldwhichnow are wonover to Olympismandwilling to accepthealthycompetition. These fiveringsrepresentthefive (inhabited) continentsoftheworld: Africa, America, Asia, EuropeandOceania (includingAustralia).

  7. Olympicemblems • EachOlympicGames has itsownOlympicemblem, whichis a design integratingtheOlympicringswithoneor more distinctiveelements. They are createdandproposed by theOrganizingCommitteeortheNationalOlympicCommitteeofthe host country. ItistheresponsibilityoftheInternationalOlympicCommittee to approveOlympicemblemsfortheOlympicgames. TheOlympicemblems are used in promotionalmaterials, by sponsorsoftheOlympics, on theuniformsofeveryOlympiccompetitor Flag Created by Pierre De Coubertin in 1914. There are specificOlympicflagsthat are displayed by citiesthatwillbehostingthenextOlympicgames. DuringeachOlympicclosingceremony in whatistraditionallyknown as theAntwerpCeremony, the flag ispassedfromthemayorofone host city to thenext host, whereitwillthenbetaken to thenew host anddisplayedat city hall. These flagsshould not beconfusedwiththelargerOlympicflagsdesignedandcreatedspecificallyforeachgames, which are flownoverthe host stadium andthenretired. Becausethereis no specific flag forthispurpose, theflagsflownoverthestadiumsgenerallyhavesubtledifferences, includingminorcolorvariations, and, more noticably, the presence (orlack) ofwhiteoutlinesaroundeach ring.

  8. Flameandtorchrelay MonthsbeforetheGames are held, theOlympicFlameis lit on a torch, withtheraysofthe Sun concentrated by a parabolicreflector, atthesiteoftheAncientOlympics in Olympia, Greece. ThetorchisthentakenoutofGreece, most often to betakenaroundthe country orcontinentwheretheGames are held. TheOlympictorchiscarried by athletes, leaders, celebritiesandordinarypeoplealike, andattimes in unusualconditions, such as beingelectronicallytransmitted via satellitefor Montreal 1976, orsubmergedunderwaterwithoutbeingextinguishedfor Sydney 2000. On thefinaldayofthetorchrelay, thedayoftheOpeningCeremony, theFlamereachesthemain stadium andisused to light a cauldronsituated in a prominent part ofthevenue to signifythebeginningoftheGames. Thenitisleft to burnthroughouttheGamestilltheClosingCeremony, whenitisextinguished to signifytheendoftheGames. Onlytwice has theOlympicFlameactuallybeencarriedover more thanonecontinent, i.e. Athens 2004 andBeijing 2008, bothofwhich had actuallyinvolvedallfivecontinents. A torch used in Vancouver 2010

  9. Olympicmedals TheOlympicmedalsawarded to winners are another symbol associatedwiththeOlympicgames. Themedals are madeofgold-platedsilver (commonlydescribed as goldmedals), silver, or bronze, andawarded to the top 3 finishers in a particularevent. EachmedalforanOlympiad has a common design, decidedupon by theorganizersfortheparticulargames. From 1928 until 2000, theobversesideofthemedalscontainedan image ofNike, thetraditionalgoddessofvictory, holding a palm in her lefthandand a winnerscrown in her right. This design wascreated by GiuseppeCassioli. ForeachOlympicgames, the reverse side as well as thelabelsforeachOlympiadchanged, reflectingthe host ofthegames. In 2004, theobversesideofthemedalschanged to make more explicit reference to theGreekcharacterofthegames. In this design, thegoddessNikefliesintothePanathenic stadium, reflectingtherenewalofthegames. Sincethenthemedals don't have a commonside as the design forbothsidesisdecided by the host organizers .

  10. Anthems TheOlympicHymn, alsoknowninformally as theOlympic Anthem, isplayedwhentheOlympic Flag israised. Itis a musical piececomposed by SpyridonSamaraswithwordswrittenfrom a poem oftheGreek poet andwriterKostisPalamas. Boththe poet andthecomposerwerethechoiceofDemetriusVikelas, a greatGreek Pro-Europeanandthefirst President ofthe IOC. The anthem wasperformedforthefirsttimefortheceremonyofopeningofthe 1896 AthensOlympicGamesbutwasn't declaredtheofficialhymn by the IOC until 1957. Olympic salute TheOlympic salute is a variant ofthe Roman salute: therightarmandhand are stretchedandpointingupward, thepalmisoutward/downward. Itissimilar to the Hitler salute, albeitwiththearmaiminghigher.

  11. Mascots Sincethe 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble, France theOlympicGameshave had a mascot, usuallyananimalnative to the area oroccasionallyhumanfiguresrepresentingtheculturalheritage. Thefirst major mascot in theOlympicGameswasMisha in the 1980 SummerOlympics in Moscow. Mishawasusedextensivelyduringtheopeningandclosingceremonies, had a TV animatedcartoonandappeared on severalmerchandiseproducts. Nowadays, most ofthemerchandiseaimedatyoungpeoplefocuses on themascots, ratherthantheOlympic flag ororganization logos.

  12. Successfulathletes OurfirstOlympicwinnerwas Bedřich Šupčík. He wontheclimb in Paris in 1924. Our most successfulathleteswhich are knownallovertheworldwere Emil Zátopek – he surprisinglywon 10 and 5 km run andmarathon in 1952 in Helsinky, Věra Čáslavská – best gymnast in ourhistory. Ourfirst Winter Olympicwinnerwas Jiří Raška. He won ski jumpingcompetition in 1968 in Grenoble. Ourfootballplayerswongoldmedal in 1980 in Moskva andourhockeyplayerswonthe „Tournamentofthecentury“ in Nagano in 1998.

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