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Day Two, Oral Communications

Day Two, Oral Communications. Ethics and Audience Analysis. Today’s Agenda. Accessing Engrade Quizzes/Reviews (next week) Monitoring your points for the course Messaging and Announcements Calendar Resources: “ This American Life,” and “ Storytellers.org ” Journal #2

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Day Two, Oral Communications

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  1. Day Two, Oral Communications Ethics and Audience Analysis

  2. Today’s Agenda • Accessing Engrade Quizzes/Reviews (next week) Monitoring your points for the course Messaging and Announcements Calendar • Resources: “This American Life,” and “Storytellers.org” • Journal #2 • Chapter 3, “Ethical Speaking and Listening,” pages 40-59 • Chapter 5, “Adapting to Your Audience,” pages 76-95 • Toastmasters, Reading Response #1 • Greatest American Speakers: John F. Kennedy • 1 minute mini-speech (preparation/next class meeting)

  3. Ethical Communication • The “moral” aspects of speaking and listening, such as being truthful, fair, and respectful • Can we come up with a better definition?

  4. Code of Ethics • Many organizations have adopted codes of ethics • Ethical communication in the classroom • What is your field of study’s code of ethics? Does your profession have one?

  5. Public Speaking and Dialogic Ethics • Facilitate a supportive communication climate • Demonstrate mutual respect • Promote honest communication • Convey positive attitude for learning • Appreciate individual differences • Accept conflict • Provide effective feedback

  6. Recognizing and Avoiding Plagiarism • Plagiarism • Taking accurate notes • Paraphrasing the right way • Citing sources in your speech

  7. Ethics and Cultural Diversity • Avoiding ethnocentrism • Avoiding sexism

  8. Listening and Public Speaking • Components of listening • Hearing • Understanding • Remembering • Interpreting • Evaluating • Responding

  9. Listening Model

  10. Listening and Public Speaking Cont. • Types of listening • Empathic listening • Appreciative listening • Content listening • Critical listening

  11. Listening Effectively to Speeches • Set goals • Block distractions • Manage listening anxiety • Suspend judgment • Focus on the speaker’s main points • Take effective notes • Use all your senses • Ask good questions

  12. Ask Good Questions • Open-ended • Direct • On topic • Genuine requests for information

  13. Audience Analysis • Obtaining and evaluating information about your audience in order to anticipate their needs and interests and design a strategy to respond to them

  14. What is an Audience? • The audience-speaker connection • Classroom audiences

  15. Adapting to a Diverse Audience • Target audience • Meeting the challenges of audience diversity • Techniques for speaking to diverse audiences • Search for commonalities • Establish credibility • Include supporting materials that resonate • Use language that appeals to all members • Attend to all segments of your audience

  16. Using Demographic Data • Demographics – the ways in which populations can be divided into smaller groups according to key characteristics • Gathering demographic data

  17. Using Psychographic Information • Audience standpoints • Audience values • Audience attitudes • Audience beliefs • Gathering psychographic data

  18. Developing an Audience Research Questionnaire • Asking closed-ended questions • Asking open-ended questions • Combining question types • Distributing your questionnaire • Questionnaires for non-classroom audiences

  19. Using Audience Research Data in Your Speech • Types of audience data • Summary statistics • Direct quotes • Referring to audience data in your speech

  20. Adapting to the Setting • The location • The occasion • Voluntary audiences • Captive audiences • The time

  21. Credibility • An audience’s perception of a speaker’s competence, trustworthiness, dynamism, and sociability

  22. Developing Credibility with Your Audience • Competence • Trustworthiness • Dynamism • Sociability

  23. Relevant Web sites • Ethics in public speaking • Speaking and listening etiquette • Audience analysis • Audience analysis questionnaire

  24. John F. Kennedy, Jr. • http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/jfkberliner.html • Greatest American Speakers and Speeches • Extra Credit Opinion (complete the rhetorical analysis—see the course materials site)

  25. Journal #2 • In what ways might an audience of students likely differ from other audiences? • How might the demographic profile and interests of a student audience differ from those of professionals in a work setting, club, voluntary association, activist organization, or other group? • Would these audiences be equally familiar with a topic and feel the same way about it? Give an example to illustration your response, please.

  26. Homework • Check your email for the Engrade access link (the address will be “noreply”) • Create your username and password for this course, if you have not already • Explore Engrade; you’ll take your first reading/lecture quiz here next week • Review your notes for chapters 1, 2; review all of the vocabulary that’s highlighted in these chapters. Your first quiz will focus on this material. • Decide upon your topic for the super-short mini-speech 

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