How to Analyze a Poem

1. How to Analyze a Poem A Reference Guide

2. Examine Form and Structure • Is a specific poetic form used? (Sonnet, haiku, lyric, etc.) • How many stanzas are in the poem? • How are lines and white spaces arranged on the page? • What other devices, such as indentation or punctuation, does the poet use? • What sound devices are used? (Rhyme scheme, meter, alliteration, etc.) • How do these elements affect your understanding?

3. Examine Content • What is this poem about? • Who is the speaker? • What other characters are involved? • Where does this poem take place? • What event or situation is described? • What is the major idea this poem brings to mind? • What message, or theme, does it communicate?

4. Examine Language and Style • What word choices help bring the poet’s subject to life? • What images are brought to mind by the language of the poem? • What symbols does the poet use in the poem? • What message or idea might the symbols or images represent? • What figurative language (metaphor, simile, hyperbole) are used? What is being compared?

5. Evaluate and Critique • In your opinion, does the poet convey a major idea, image, or theme clearly and effectively? • Does the poet’s language contribute to your understanding or appreciation of the poem? • Is the subject of the poem presented in a particularly original or effective way? Support your opinion with details and examples from the poem!