Building Construction

Building Construction Instructor: Twana A. Hussein– MSc . Structural Engineering Twana.ahmad@ishik.edu.iq Civil Engineering Dept. Tshik International University

Syllabus: 9. Beam and Columns 10. Roofs 11. Form and Scaffolding 12. Damp proofing 13. Joints 14. Staircases 15. Trusses 16. Floor and wall finishing 17. Precast units 1. Introduction 2. Types of buildings 3. Earth work 4. Foundation 5. Piles 6. Masonry works 7. Arches 8. Lintels

Introduction • Building construction: • the techniques and industry involved in the assembly and erection of structures, primarily those used to provide shelter. • Building construction is an ancient human activity. It began with the purely functional need for a controlled environment to moderate the effects of climate. Constructed shelters were one means by which human beings were able to adapt themselves to a wide variety of climates and become a global species. • it is the subject which describes the methods of using building materials in the construction of structure and satisfying strength, safety and economy.

Introduction Any building will be acceptable if: 1. It serves the object 2. It is good or acceptable in architectural view 3. It is durable 4. It is economic (low cost)

Introduction And to achieve this: 1.The design must be perfect 2. Well selection of materials must be done 3. Good execution & quality control on the work. Using new techniques.

Introduction Stage of building construction: 1. Function and purpose (public, investment , private) 2. Economy (initial cost, available materials) 3. Project details 4. Engineering design: • Architectural design • Structural design • Sanitary design • Electrical and mechanical design

Introduction Preparing bill of quantities and specifications (B.O.Q): Time processing using bar chart or (CPM) (critical path method) or arrow diagram

Introduction Construction works are done in two ways: 1.Tender 2.Direct Kinds of projects: 1. Public services 2. Private services 3. Investments 4. Road and dams

Types of buildings A. According to the type of building construction: 1. Construction at site: a. The design is free to select any shape b. Needs so many labors c. High rate of loss of materials d. Low speed of construction

Types of buildings 2. Precast construction: a. High speed of construction b. High quality control c. Less number of labors d. Light weight e. Economic f. Restricted design

Types of buildings B. According to the structural design 1. Framed building 2. Load bearing wall 3. Mixed (compound)

Types of buildings Framed building: The load is transferred from slab to the beam then to the column then to the foundation and at last the hard soil. (In this building all the partition walls can be remove without any risk) a. Reinforced concrete

Types of buildings b. Timber

Types of buildings c. Steel

Types of buildings d. Compound (reinforced concrete +steel)

Features of Reinforced concrete: 1. The material are available 2. Labors are available 3. You are free to select shape, dimension and height of members. 4. Good fire resistance 5. Durable 6. Heavy weight 7. More time for construction than steel 8. Required good quality control 9. Permanent and cannot be removed

Types of buildings b. Steel frame: 1. Ease of erection and remove 2. Lightweight so less weight on foundation 3. Standard section 4. Smaller cross section members 5. Requires fire and weather protection 6. High cost

Types of buildings 2. Load bearing walls: The load is transferred from the slab to the walls then to the foundation then to the hard soil. • Wall cannot be removed • For low story building • In high rise building the thickness of the wall increase • Less space

Types of buildings 3. Compound (frame load bearing): Care should be given to the design to avoid differential settlement or minimizing it and making it not exceed the allowable

Thank you for Your Attention

Building Construction