What is Cloning?

1. What is Cloning? Unit 4-5 Notes Mr. Hefti – Pulaski Biology

2. Cloning • Accomplishes same end result as asexual reproduction • Makes genetically identical copies • http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/cloning/whatiscloning/

3. Same concept as taking cuttings from plants Step 2 Step 1 Step 3 (Vegetative propagation)

4. Cloning mammals in three easy steps… • Insert a nucleus from a fully developed “_____________” organism’s cell into an ____ cell in which the ___________ has been removed. • Result is an egg that contains ____% of the genetic information from only ____ parent. • Implant the egg into the lining of the ___________ where ______________ can take place. parent egg nucleus 100 1 uterus development

5. Somatic cell nuclear transfer

6. Steps

7. Advantages of cloning • Exact copies • Guaranteed features • Good wool • Unique nutrients in milk • Disease resistance • Disadvantages of cloning • Ethical debate • Premature aging • Low genetic variation • Offspring all same sex

8. Dolly the sheep dies young 17:56 14 February 2003 by Will Knight Dolly the sheep, the first mammal in the world to be cloned from an adult cell (in 1996), was put down on Friday afternoon, after developing a progressive lung disease. Dolly's birth six-and-a-half years' ago caused a sensation around the world. But as many sheep live to twice this age, her death will refuel the intense debate over the health and life expectancy of cloned animals. The type of lung disease Dolly developed is most common in older sheep. And in January 2002, it was revealed that Dolly had developed arthritis prematurely. She was cloned using a cell taken from a healthy six-year-old sheep, and was born on 5 July 1996 at the Roslin Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland. The Institute's Harry Griffin says: "Sheep can live to 11 or 12 years of age. A full post mortem is being conducted and we will report any significant findings". Following the post mortem, Dolly will be donated to the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh, where she will be stuffed and put on display. Dolly the sheep dies young 17:56 14 February 2003 by Will Knight Dolly the sheep, the first mammal in the world to be cloned from an adult cell (in 1996), was put down on Friday afternoon, after developing a progressive lung disease. Dolly's birth six-and-a-half years' ago caused a sensation around the world. But as many sheep live to twice this age, her death will refuel the intense debate over the health and life expectancy of cloned animals. The type of lung disease Dolly developed is most common in older sheep. And in January 2002, it was revealed that Dolly had developed arthritis prematurely. She was cloned using a cell taken from a healthy six-year-old sheep, and was born on 5 July 1996 at the Roslin Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland. The Institute's Harry Griffin says: "Sheep can live to 11 or 12 years of age. A full post mortem is being conducted and we will report any significant findings". Following the post mortem, Dolly will be donated to the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh, where she will be stuffed and put on display. Dolly the sheep dies young 17:56 14 February 2003 by Will Knight Dolly the sheep, the first mammal in the world to be cloned from an adult cell (in 1996), was put down on Friday afternoon, after developing a progressive lung disease. Dolly's birth six-and-a-half years' ago caused a sensation around the world. But as many sheep live to twice this age, her death will refuel the intense debate over the health and life expectancy of cloned animals. The type of lung disease Dolly developed is most common in older sheep. And in January 2002, it was revealed that Dolly had developed arthritis prematurely. She was cloned using a cell taken from a healthy six-year-old sheep, and was born on 5 July 1996 at the Roslin Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland. The Institute's Harry Griffin says: "Sheep can live to 11 or 12 years of age. A full post mortem is being conducted and we will report any significant findings". Following the post mortem, Dolly will be donated to the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh, where she will be stuffed and put on display.

9. Cloning Cloning Cloning Cloning