PALEOPATHOLOGIES OF THE MINE CANYON SITE: A PUEBLO III COMMUNITY ON THE B-SQUARE RANCH, FARMINGTON, NEW MEXICO

1. PALEOPATHOLOGIES OF THE MINE CANYON SITE: A PUEBLO III COMMUNITY ON THE B-SQUARE RANCH, FARMINGTON, NEW MEXICO Elizabeth Morgan Adams Please be advised that this presentation contains images of human skeletal remains.

3. THE SAMPLE:MINE CANYON SITEPUEBLO III (AD 1100-1300) • Total Skeletal Sample: 44 • Number identifiable to sex: • Females (n=9) • Males (n=6) • Unknown Sex (n=29)

4. TRAUMA AND ACTIVITY RELATED ANOMALIES • Impact trauma • Anomalies related to repetitive lifting/carrying motions • Artificial cranial deformation • Bone robusticity

5. IMPACT TRAUMA

6. TRAUMA TO A CLAVICLE:BURIAL Z; FEMALE AGED 30-34 YEARS

7. LIFTING AND CARRYING STRESS

8. ARTIFICIAL CRANIAL DEFORMATION

9. BONE ROBUSTICITY

10. TRAUMATIC VERSUS NONTRAUMATIC PATHOLOGIES

11. SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA OF THE SACRUM

12. EXAMPLE OF OSTEOPHYTE DEVELOPMENT ON THE VERTEBRA Ortner, Donald J. and Walter G.J. Putschar 1985 Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington.

13. OSTEOARTHRITIS

14. GENERAL INFECTIONS

15. EXAMPLE OF CRIBRA ORBITALIA:BURIAL ZC2

16. CRIBRA ORBITALIA

17. EXAMPLE OF DENTAL PATHOLOGIES:BURIAL M, FEMALE AGED 35-39 YEARS

18. EXAMPLE OF EAR EXOSTOSES Ortner, Donald J. and Walter G.J. Putschar 1985 Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington.

19. SUMMARY AND COMPARISON

20. LIFE EXPECTANCYAT BIRTH

21. INFECTIOUS DISEASE FREQUENCIES MINE CANYON SITE LA PLATA VALLEY

22. FREQUENCIES OF POROTIC HYPEROSTOSIS(Adams, 2007; Martin et al., 2001)

23. PATTERNS OF TRAUMA IN THE LA PLATA VALLEY

24. COMPARISON Mine Canyon Site La Plata Valley Lower life expectancy Infectious disease mild, but fairly common Porotic hyperostosis prevelant Differential patterns in trauma between sexes • Longer life expectancy • Infectious disease nearly absent in observable sample • Porotic hyperostosis uncommon • Trauma infrequently observed

25. CONCLUDING REMARKS

26. REFERENCES CITED Ferembach, D. 1963 Frequency of Spina Bifida Occulta in Prehistoric Human Skeletons. Nature, 199: 100-101. Fuhrman, Jesse D. 2007 Age, Sex, Fertility and Mortality at Two Sites on the Middle San Juan River. Paper prepared for the Society for American Archaeology Conference in Austin, Texas. Giacobbe, John 1999 Demography, Paleopathology, and Activity-Related Anomalies of Human Skeletal Remains from the Rio Puerco Valley, Sandoval County, New Mexico. Hrdlicka, A. 1935 Ear Exostoses. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 93: 1-100. Martin, Debra L. Nancy J. Atkins, Alan H. Goodman, H. Wolcott Toll and Alan C. Swedlund 2001 Totah Time and Rivers Flowing – Excavations in the La Plata Valley, Vol. V Harmony and Discord: Bioarchaeology. Office of Archaeological Studies, Santa Fe. Ortner, Donald J. and Walter G.J. Putschar 1985 Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington. Snow, Meredeth 2007 Genetic Analysis of the Tommy and Mine Canyon Sites in Context of Southwest Populations. Paper prepared for the Society for American Archaeology Conference in Austin, Texas. Walker, P.L. 1985 Anemia among Prehistoric Indians of the American Southwest. In Health and Disease in the Prehistoric Southwest, ed. C.F. Merbs and R.J. Miller, pp. 139-163. Anthropological Research Paper No. 34. University of Arizona, Tempe. Wheelbarger, Linda 2004 Puebloan Communities on the South Side of the Middle San Juan River. Pecos Conference Version of a paper prepared for the Salmon Working Conference.