simile ( 明喻 )

2. simile (明喻) Using either like or as He eats like a pig. “America is not like a blanket—one piece of unbroken cloth, the same color, the same texture, the same size.”

3. metaphor (暗喻) Without using as or like. You are the light of my life. “America’s cities are the windows through which the world looks at American society.”

4. Antithesis (對比) Using contrasting ideas. “One small step for a man, one giant leap for all mankind.” “Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.”

5. alliteration(押頭韻) Repeating consonant sounds at the beginning of words. Sally’s seven sisters slept soundly. “We should not demean our democracy with the politics of distraction, denial, and despair.”

6. analogy (類比.類推) Using two things that are alike to make a comparison. Seed is to tree as egg is to bird. “Memory is to love what the saucer is to the cup.”

7. allusion (暗示) Indirect reference to a famous person, place, event, or literary work. He transformed his garden into the Garden of Eden. “The girl's love of sweets was her Achilles heel.”

8. repetition (重複) Repeating a sound, word, phrase, or line for emphasis. I sing, I dance, and I celebrate. “We will not tire, we will not falter, and we will not fail.”

9. parallelism (排比) Using similar sentence patterns to express ideas that are relate/equal. Quickly and happily, he walked to his parents. “The denial of human rights anywhere is a threat to human rights everywhere. Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.”

10. personification (擬人法) Giving human characteristics to a nonhuman subject. My computer hates me. “Flowers danced about the lawn.”

11. I Have a Dream

12. familiar, concrete words The most important feature of King’s language is his use of familiar, concrete words.

13. heavy use of metaphors and similes occur in pairs are arranged to emphasize progress from a negative condition to a positive condition. Most of the metaphors and similes

14. simile “It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity” (p 2) “This momentous decree came as a great beacon of light of hope to millions of Negro slaves...” (p 2) “ until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream…” (p 11)

15. metaphor • “to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood” (p 6) • “the dark anddesolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice” (p 6)

16. metaphor “flames of withering injustice” (p 2) “manaclesof segregation and chains of discrimination” (p 3) “The whirlwinds of revolt” (p 7) “discords of our nationinto a beautiful symphony of brotherhood” (p 22)

17. antithesis “thejoyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity” (p 2) “They will not be judged by the color of their skinbut by the content of their character.” (p 18)

18. antithesis “the sons of former slavesand the sons of former slave owners…” (p 16) “black men and white men, Jews andGentiles, ProtestantsandCatholics” (p 25)

19. alliteration “Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today.” (p 2) “this sweltering summer” (p 7) “some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations”(p 12)

20. analogy “In a sense we’ve come to our nation's capital to cash a check.” (p 4) “America has defaulted on this promissory note.” (p 4) “America has given the Negro people a bad check.” (p 4) “The bank of justice is bankrupt.” (p 5)

21. allusion “Five score years ago...” —an allusion to Lincoln's Gettysburg Address “It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.” —an allusion toEmancipation Proclamation (p 2)

22. allusion “No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.” —an allusion to Amos(p 11) "I have a dream that every valley shall be exalted...“ —an allusion to Isaiah 40:4-5 (p 21)

23. repetition The “One hundred years later” (p 2) The “Now is the time” (p 6) The “We must” (p 8) The “We can never be satisfied” (p 11)

24. repetition The “Go back to . . .” (p 12) The “I have a dream” (p15-21) The “Let freedom ring” (p 23-5)

25. parallelism “a state sweltering with the heat ofinjustice, sweltering with the heat ofoppression” (p 17) “every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be madeplain, and the crooked places will be madestraight” (p 21) “we will be able to worktogether, to praytogether, to struggletogether, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together” (p 22)

26. personification “The whirlwinds of revoltwill continue to shake the foundations of our nation” “one day this nationwill rise upand live outthe true meaning of its creed” “Let freedom ring!”