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The VCU Project:. Virtual Colleges and Universities in Transition. NLII Annual Meeting New Orleans, Louisiana -- January 28, 2003. Pew Symposium.
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The VCU Project: Virtual Colleges and Universities in Transition NLII Annual Meeting New Orleans, Louisiana -- January 28, 2003
Pew Symposium “At a certain point in history, they may have been the lubricant needed for a massive shifting of the gears in higher education. For state virtual universities, the moment may be passing.” The notion that VCUs are not needed is “likely to be a ‘cover argument’ by individual campuses to avoid collaboration. . . Following this path would lead to destructive competition, poorly served students, and very unhappy stakeholders and funders.” “Expanding Access to Learning: The Role of Virtual Universities,” July 18-19, 2002, Aspen, Colorado
“The system should provide for new pilot or demonstration sites to be established within the system that are separate, preferably isolated from, other units so as to increase the chances for innovation and improvement.” Terrence J. MacTaggart (1996) Restructuring Higher Education Venture Units
VCU Project Goals • Identify and describe the types of VCU models in use by states • Determine and understand statewide goals for VCUs • Discover and describe major successes, barriers, and unexpected outcomes
Principle Investigators • Rhonda M. Epper Director of Online Program Development, Community College of Denver • Myk Garn Chief Academic Officer, Kentucky Virtual University Research assistance provided by: Susan Winter, SHEEO Webmaster/Policy Analyst
Advisory Team • Fred Hurst Dean of Distance Learning, Northern Arizona University • Sally Johnstone Executive Director, WCET • Val Lewis Commissioner, Connecticut Dept. of Higher Education • Paul Lingenfelter Executive Director, SHEEO • Tad Perry Executive Director, South Dakota Board of Regents
VCU Project Phases • VCU Literature Review • 2002 SHEEO/WCET VCU Survey • Follow-up interviews • SHEEO Report • WCET – Hewlett Edutools Policy Page
Research Questions • Are virtual universities meeting statewide goals for which they were created? • What are the different VCU organizational models? • How have VCUs transitioned themselves since founding to meet current demands? • What are the major successes, barriers, and unexpected outcomes of virtual universities?
Literature Review • 100+ studies, articles, state reports • 15-20 core resources • Goals, mission, organizational structure, financial models, collaboration models, policies that enable VCU to operate effectively in a state • Ways to describe VCUs: Taxonomies
VCU Definitions Wolf/Johnstone Taxonomy • Change Magazine, July/August 1999 • Three types of non-consortia VCUs • Four types of consortia VCUs • VCU-1: Degree-granting • VCU-2: Mutual services & formal articulation • VCU-3: Linked services & informal articulation • VCU-4: Independent services & little articulation
VCU Models Investigated • The VCU Project is focused on entities and endeavors that operate primarily within single states and that were founded by, or comprise membership of, the state's public higher education institutions. • These models appear to occur in two VCU forms - systemwide and statewide.
How VCUs Define Themselves * Preliminary data
Preliminary Findings • VCU Goals • Funding Models • Services • Enabling Policies
VCU Goals in Transition • Expanding access • Serving underserved populations Increasing Goals • Reducing costs / Centralizing resources • Increase communication/collaboration • Better educated workforce Declining Goals
Funding Models of VCUs • Direct state appropriation • Fees from services to provider institutions • Tuition/fees charged by VCU • Partial tuition (e.g., split with provider) • FTE funding from state • Membership fees • Donations/partnerships with private sector
Funding Models of VCUs Percentage of VCUs noting funding source as “major” or “primary”
Initial Capitalization of VCU Average: $976,359 Median: $600,000
Operating Budget of VCU Average: $1,169,513 Median: $500,000
VCU Funding Plans Is your VCU currently self-supporting? If not, is the VCU planning to become self-supporting in the future? 23% Currently Self-supporting 23% Plan to be Self-supporting 50% No plans to be Self-supporting
Library services Online catalog Online application Online registration E-commerce Bookstore Technical help desk Academic help desk (e.g., tutoring) Online financial aid Coordination of test sites and proctoring Marketing Faculty/staff training and development Course hosting Internet Service Provider (ISP) Services Provided
Enabling Policies • “Home College” model • Common course numbering • Policy development including: quality assurance, tuition, development, transfer/articulation, property rights, fees, revenue sharing • Standardization & scalability • Statewide or systemwide articulation
Future Analysis • Audience • Sector/Credential influences • Primary/Emerging Disciplines • External Competition • Barriers • Unexpected Outcomes • Examples of Best Practice
For More Information Contact: • Rhonda Epper rmepper@msn.com • Myk Garn myk.garn@kyvu.org