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Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Reservoirs, Processes, and Human Impacts

Explore the dynamics of the carbon cycle, from reservoirs in the atmosphere, biosphere, oceans, and lithosphere to processes like photosynthesis, respiration, and combustion. Learn about human impacts, fossil fuels, and CO2 concentrations.

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Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Reservoirs, Processes, and Human Impacts

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  1. Carbon Cycle

  2. Carbon Carbon exists in the nonliving environment as: • Carbon dioxide (CO2) • Carbonic acid ( HCO3−) • Carbonate rocks (limestone and coral = CaCO3) • Deposits of Fossil fuels • Dead organic matter

  3. Organic Carbon • Hydrocarbons: CH4 • Carbohydrate: CH2O

  4. Inorganic carbon • Carbon Dioxide: CO2 • Calcium Carbonate: CaCO3 Mandale Limestone Quarry

  5. Carbon reservoirs

  6. Carbon reservoirs • The atmosphere. • The biosphere (include fresh water systems and non-living organic material, such as soil carbon). • The oceans ( including dissolved inorganic carbon and living and non-living marine biota). • The lithosphere (sediments, Earth core including fossil fuels).

  7. Carbon Cycle

  8. Carbon is released into the atmosphere in several ways • Respiration by plants and animals. • Decay of animal and plant matter. • Combustion of organic material • Production of cement. • The ocean releases CO2 into the atmosphere. • Volcanic eruptions and metamorphism

  9. Carbon is taken from the atmosphere in several ways • Photosynthesis. • The oceans when the seawater becomes cooler, more CO2 dissolve and become carbonic acid. • In the upper ocean areas organisms convert reduced carbon to tissues, or carbonates.

  10. Photosynthesis • CO2 + H2O + sunlight  CH2O + O2

  11. Respiration • CH2O + O2 CO2 + H2O + energy

  12. Combustion or Oxidization of hydrocarbon CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2 H2O + energy

  13. Human Impacts on the Carbon Cycle Burning fossil fuels have serious impact on the carbon cycle.

  14. Fossil Fuel 86% of global primary energy consumption is fossil fuels.

  15. Fossil Fuels • Petroleum • Natural Gas • Coal

  16. CO2 Concentration Pre-Industrial value: 280 ppm (600 billion tons) Current value: 380 ppm (800 billion tons) Critical value: 560 ppm (1200 billion tons)

  17. Keeling Curve

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