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Bacteria and Their Environment

Bacteria and Their Environment. Examples. Organisms that survive at Low Temperatures- psychrophile (Serratia marcescends and the North Pole) Organisms that survive at High Temperatures- thermophile (Thermus aquaticus and hot tubs). Terms. Thermophiles – Like it hot

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Bacteria and Their Environment

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  1. Bacteria and Their Environment

  2. Examples • Organisms that survive at Low Temperatures-psychrophile (Serratia marcescends and the North Pole) • Organisms that survive at High Temperatures- thermophile (Thermus aquaticus and hot tubs)

  3. Terms • Thermophiles – Like it hot • Psychrophile – Like it cold • Mesophile – Between Can we use temperature to injure bacteria? • Heat- Denatures proteins (cooks them) -fried egg example • Cold- Freezes H2O into crystals (does not kill – only “stalls”)

  4. Effect of salt solutions on microbes: 0% salt – Hypotonic (Hemolysis) 1% salt – Isotonic (.9%) 10% salt – Hypertonic (more dissolved salt) 15% salt – Hypertonic (Plasmolysis)

  5. Effect of Electromagnetic Spectrum Energy • Visible light- No harm • Infra red- No harm • Ultra Violet – Dangerous to bacteria (damages DNA) • X-rays- Denatures proteins and breaks DNA -Micrococcuis radiodurans can tolerate more radioactivity than any other cell How do companies sterilize most products produced? I.e. sterile gauze?

  6. Effects of Agents on Bacteria • Antiseptic- inhibit growth (weakens bacteria agents) Neosporin, Iodine, H2O2, used on tissues • Disinfectant- cleaning agent (kills bacteria) Lysol, AJAX, Pine sol • Chemical Examples: • Antibiotics- Block essential reactions • Sulfanilamide- block DNA formation • Detergents- Kills germs with soap affecting cell • Halogens- Burn and oxidize cells • Alcohol- Dehydrates • Heavy Metal (silver/gold)- olygodynamic effect

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