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Bacteria and Their Environment

Explore how bacteria thrive in different temperatures and the impact of heat, cold, salt solutions, and electromagnetic energy. Learn how companies sterilize products and the effects of various agents on bacteria. Discover examples like antibiotics, disinfectants, and the olygodynamic effect of heavy metals.

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Bacteria and Their Environment

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  1. Bacteria and Their Environment

  2. Examples • Organisms that survive at Low Temperatures-psychrophile (Serratia marcescends and the North Pole) • Organisms that survive at High Temperatures- thermophile (Thermus aquaticus and hot tubs)

  3. Terms • Thermophiles – Like it hot • Psychrophile – Like it cold • Mesophile – Between Can we use temperature to injure bacteria? • Heat- Denatures proteins (cooks them) -fried egg example • Cold- Freezes H2O into crystals (does not kill – only “stalls”)

  4. Effect of salt solutions on microbes: 0% salt – Hypotonic (Hemolysis) 1% salt – Isotonic (.9%) 10% salt – Hypertonic (more dissolved salt) 15% salt – Hypertonic (Plasmolysis)

  5. Effect of Electromagnetic Spectrum Energy • Visible light- No harm • Infra red- No harm • Ultra Violet – Dangerous to bacteria (damages DNA) • X-rays- Denatures proteins and breaks DNA -Micrococcuis radiodurans can tolerate more radioactivity than any other cell How do companies sterilize most products produced? I.e. sterile gauze?

  6. Effects of Agents on Bacteria • Antiseptic- inhibit growth (weakens bacteria agents) Neosporin, Iodine, H2O2, used on tissues • Disinfectant- cleaning agent (kills bacteria) Lysol, AJAX, Pine sol • Chemical Examples: • Antibiotics- Block essential reactions • Sulfanilamide- block DNA formation • Detergents- Kills germs with soap affecting cell • Halogens- Burn and oxidize cells • Alcohol- Dehydrates • Heavy Metal (silver/gold)- olygodynamic effect

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