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O BRAVE NEW WORLD

O BRAVE NEW WORLD. EUROPEAN IMPERIALISM THE SPANISH AND THE PORTUGUESE THE IMPACTS OF IMPERIALISM EUROCENTRISM THE RISE OF ENGLAND. EUROPEAN IMPERIALISM.

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O BRAVE NEW WORLD

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  1. O BRAVE NEW WORLD EUROPEAN IMPERIALISM THE SPANISH AND THE PORTUGUESE THE IMPACTS OF IMPERIALISM EUROCENTRISM THE RISE OF ENGLAND

  2. EUROPEAN IMPERIALISM • When the early explorers including Columbus returned from their voyages to Europe, they often brought back indigenous peoples in addition to treasures like gold • In this painting from the 1800s by Eugene Deveria, Columbus is kneeling at the feet of Queen Isabella • How do some of the choices of this painting represent a European bias?

  3. EUROPEAN IMPERIALISM • When the early explorers including Columbus returned from their voyages to Europe, they often brought back indigenous peoples in addition to treasures like gold • In this painting from the 1800s by Eugene Deveria, Columbus is kneeling at the feet of Queen Isabella • How do some of the choices of this painting represent a European bias? • EUROCENTRISM: • The tendency of Europeans to view historical events from the European perspective • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g0EqTRCJb_g&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

  4. TREATY OF TORDESILLAS • Portugal and Spain competed to find the trade routes to Asia • Spain and Portugal could not arrive at a settlement for splitting up the Asians trade • In 1494, the pope proposed a secret treaty, The Treaty of Tordesillas • It divided the world between the Spanish and the Portuguese • Spain would maintain control of all land west of an imaginary line running north and south through the Atlantic • Portugal would have any land east of that line

  5. TREATY OF TORDESILLAS

  6. TREATY OF TORDESILLAS • Other European leaders were angry when they heard about the treaty • England and France ignored it and sent out explorers across North America to find new territories • Imperialism – the extension of power over a territory became the prevailing movement • For example France and England fought for control over the territory we now know as Canada

  7. TAKING CHARGE • The territories in Central and South America claimed by Columbus and other Spanish explorers became known as New Spain • The Spanish government granted land to people who wanted to settle in New Spain to mine for precious minerals or set up plantations to grow crops for export to Spain • Indigenous people were enslaved by Spanish landowners and forced to work in terrible conditions • Millions of people were literally worked to death in the silver mines and fields

  8. IMPERIALIST TREASURE • Mines in Peru, Bolivia and other areas shipped thousands of tonnes of gold, silver and emeralds to Spain • For a period of time Spain was the richest country in Europe • The English developed small, fast, highly manoeuvrable ships that were ideal for attacks against the slower-moving Spanish galleons • Soon the English captains were raiding Spanish ships and coastal towns

  9. THE COSTS OF IMPERIALISM • In the early 1400s, the Inca and Aztecs had thriving cultures in what is now Central and South America • Everywhere the Europeans settled in the Americas, the Indigenous peoples paid a terrible costs • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8S_WFqJ4AY&feature=related • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W1-QfatP64Q&feature=related

  10. THE COSTS OF IMPERIALISM • Roland Wright, author of Stolen Continents, identified the following results of European imperialism • By 1600 less than 1/10th of the original population of the Americas remained • Perhaps 90 million Indigenous peoples died during that time • Most died of diseases such as smallpox, measles and influenza brought by the Europeans • Indigenous peoples had no natural immunity to them • Many indigenous people in North America died out

  11. THE RISE OF THE ENGLISH http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jgc7xkftgic • Francis Drake was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the world • He gained notoriety for his attacks on Spanish ships and bringing wealth to England and earning the gratitude of Queen Elizabeth • Elizabeth was well educated, fluent in Greek and Latin and a patron of the arts • Under her reign England defeated the Spanish Armada, in a great naval battle • Under her reign England emerged as a true world power • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35djJpYpP7k&feature=related

  12. THE RISE OF THE ENGLISH • The military and economic success of England gave its people a sense of confidence and pride • Patriotism a sense of identity linked with the achievements of one’s country grew in England • One of the sources of pride for England during this period was the writer William Shakespeare • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rLg-ziZg2fc

  13. EXPANSIONISM AND IMPERIALISM • Europeans saw themselves as superior to the Indigenous peoples • They needed the resources of the Americas to support their economy and fuel the establishment of colonies • They saw competition for land and resources as necessary for survival and supremacy • These attitudes led to a disregard for the rights of Indigenous and First Nations peoples • The expansion of the slave trade carried out largely by English merchants who provided labour for plantation owners

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