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Maria Alovert “Girl Mark”

Maria Alovert “Girl Mark”. Biodiesel Homebrew Guide www.localb100.com. What is Biodiesel?. Biodiesel is the name of a clean burning alternative fuel, produced from domestic, renewable resources.

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Maria Alovert “Girl Mark”

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  1. Maria Alovert “Girl Mark” • Biodiesel Homebrew Guide • www.localb100.com

  2. What is Biodiesel? • Biodiesel is the name of a clean burning alternative fuel, produced from domestic, renewable resources. • Biodiesel contains no petroleum, but it can be blended at any level with petroleum diesel to create a biodiesel blend. • It can be used in compression-ignition (diesel) engines with little or no modifications. • Biodiesel is simple to use, biodegradable, nontoxic, and essentially free of sulfur and aromatics.

  3. Why Use Biodiesel? • Biodiesel is better for the environment because it is made from renewable resources and has lower emissions compared to petroleum diesel. • It is less toxic than table salt and biodegrades as fast as sugar. • Since it is made in the USA from renewable resources such as soybeans, its use decreases our dependence on foreign oil and contributes to our own economy.

  4. How is Biodiesel Made? • Biodiesel is made through a chemical process called transesterification • The process seperates glycerin out of the vegetable oil. • The process leaves behind two products -- 1. methyl esters (biodiesel) 2. glycerin

  5. Biodiesel Feedstocks • In the United States, most biodiesel is made from soybean oil or recycled cooking oils. • Animals fats, other vegetable oils, and other recycled oils can also be used to produce biodiesel, depending on their costs and availability. • In the future, blends of all kinds of fats and oils may be used to produce biodiesel.

  6. Steps to Making Biodiesel Fuel • Gather Materials • Perform a Titration • Process the Biodiesel Fuel • Quality Test the Fuel • Wash the Fuel

  7. Vegetable Oil Molecule • Triglyceride • 3 Fatty acids (esters) • 1 Glycerol

  8. Transesterification • Trans-ester-ification • Transformation of one ester into another type of ester • In the vegetable oil molecule we will remove the glycerin and replace it with an alcohol from methanol • Requires a catalyst to start the reaction • Thus, transforming it

  9. Catalyst • A substances added to VO to crack the glycerin off the molecule • This catalyst initiates a chemical reaction

  10. Catalyst • Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) or Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) • A powdery or grainy solid; • Basic (pH) • Dangerous, can damage skin, eyes

  11. Titration • Must titrate is using waste vegetable • This process determines how much catalyst is needed to neutralize the free fatty acids in used vegetable oil.

  12. How to perform a Titration

  13. Titration Formula Grams of catalyst = X + 8grams

  14. Titration Materials • Isopropyl Alcohol • Tumeric Spice • KOH (catalyst) • Water • Waste VO • Toothpick • Medicine Droppers • Measuring cups • Balance

  15. Titration Step 1 • Collect Waste Vegetable Oil from a restaurant • Measure 1 liter of WVO • Put into a 2 liter pop bottle

  16. Titration Step 2 • Heat 1 liter of WVO before titration

  17. Titration Step 3 • Mixture of KOH + Water • You will put this in the medicine dropper or burette

  18. Titration • KOH dropper • Use to draw KOH solution

  19. Titration Step 4 • Fill a syringe with 4 ml of KOH and water

  20. Titration Step 5 • Make a of warm Oil and rubbing alcohol • 10 ml alcohol • 1 ml waste VO

  21. Titration Step 6 • Wait until KOH is dissolved in water • Slowly add drops to oil/alcohol mixture • Wait for a color change

  22. Titration • Starting color with tumeric spice is yellow

  23. Titration • Adding KHO solution to oil/alcohol mixture • Looking for color change

  24. Titration Step 7 • Keep adding KOH and water until there is a complete change to red

  25. Titration Step 8 • Color has changed from yellow to red • Tumeric is an indicator • The red color is indicating the solution is now basic • STOP

  26. Titration Step 9 • Determine how many ml of KOH/water was dropped into oil • Convert this number of ml into grams • Repeat 2 more times

  27. Titration Step 10 • Weighing out KOH • Must measure 8 grams + amount from titration

  28. Titration Notes • This was a test to look for FFA or free fatty acids • FFA react with catalyst to make soaop • We detect soap with an indicator, tumeric spice • We look for a color change

  29. Indicator • A pH indicator is a weak acids or bases. • When introduced into an acidic or basic solution, they may causes the indicator's color to change.

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