Frano Kr šinićª , * ， Dubravka Bojanić b ， Robert Precali c ， Robert Kraus c

1. Quantitative variability of the copepod assemblages in the northern Adriatic Sea from 1993 to 1997在1993~1997年間北亞德里亞海橈足類群聚數量的變動 Frano Kršinićª,*，Dubravka Bojanić b， Robert Precali c，Robert Kraus c Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science(2007),74:528-538 Reporter: Meng-Yau Li

2. Introduction • The western part of this area is higher productivity than eastern. • Comparison of these result ,total copepod population and phytoplankton blooms in past and present.

4. Ciliate纖毛蟲 Nauplii 橈足類幼生 Calanoida哲水蚤 Oithonids 長腹劍水蚤 Oncaeid 大眼劍水蚤 Nano-phytoplankton (cells 2-20μm) Tintinnid水母類 Micro-phytoplankton (cells >20μm)

5. Objective • Two characteristic stations in the northern Adriatic Sea between 1993 and 1997. • It determine the quantitative aspect of the population structure，seasonal abundance and vertical variability of all copepod assemblages . • Significantly influence changes in the ecosystem of this sensitive region.

6. Materials and methods • Vessel : Vila Velebita ,43 Cruises • Station: SJ107Eastern and SJ108Western • Period : January 1993 to October 1997 • Depth : 0.5m、10m、20m and near bottom

7. Fig.1. Map of the northern Adriatic Sea with location of sampling stations.

8. Choice station region CTD bongo net sample

9. Choice station region CTD bongo net sample Conductivity Temperature Depth Recorder

10. Choice station region CTD bongo net sample

11. Choice station region CTD bongo net sampling 2 ﹪lugol’s solution 2.5 ﹪formaldehyde

12. Log(n+1) Multivariate analysis (perform) Bray-Curtis similarity (classification) multi-dimensional Scaling (MDS) Similarity percentage Analysis (SIMPER)

13. Result

14. Result 3.Ciliated protozoans 4.Copepod assemblages 1.Hydrography 2.Phytoplankton Oithonid and Oncaeid Nuplii calanoida Predominance and Significant species Abundance and variable

15. Result 3.Ciliated protozoans 4.Copepod assemblages 1.Hydrography 2.Phytoplankton Oithonid and Oncaeid Nuplii calanoida Predominance and Significant species Abundance and variable

16. 1. Hydrography 1.Pronunced saltier and warmer water intrusion area. 2.Lack of circulation. 1. tMin(7.40℃) ,tMax(29.83℃)；sMin(21),sMax(38.77) 2. tMax(29.83℃) and sMin(21) in SJ108 3.But , sMax(38.77) in SJ107 Southern current

17. Result 3.Ciliated protozoans 4.Copepod assemblages 1.Hydrography 2.Phytoplankton Oithonid and Oncaeid Nuplii calanoida Predominance and Significant species Abundance and variable

18. 2.Phytoplankton----compare SJ107E and SJ108W abundance a. 40-70％ b. 10-30％

19. Result 3.Ciliated protozoans 4.Copepod assemblages 1.Hydrography 2.Phytoplankton Oithonid and Oncaeid Nuplii calanoida Predominance and Significant species Abundance and variable

20. 3.Ciliated protozoans 1. Max SJ107E Min SJ107E 2. Max SJ108W 3.MaxSJ108 Tintinnopsis minuta =97%

21. Result 3.Ciliated protozoans 4.Copepod assemblages 1.Hydrography 2.Phytoplankton Oithonid and Oncaeid Nuplii calanoida Predominance and Significant species Abundance and variable

22. 4.Copepod assemblages-Nauplii 3.SJ107E 10m and SJ108W MinD at the same time 1.MaxD,10m 2. MaxD,20m

23. Nauplii total number of copepods

24. Result 3.Ciliated protozoans 4.Copepod assemblages 1.Hydrography 2.Phytoplankton Oithonid and Oncaeid Nuplii calanoida Predominance and Significant species Abundance and variable

25. 4.Copepod assemblages-Calanoida SJ107E SJ108W 1.Surface 10m , Population Variation 2.June to August 3.SJ108W33-50% >SJ107E

26. Predominance species • August- Paracalanus parvus (小擬哲水蚤) • November- Acartia clausi (刺尾紡錘水蚤) • Average18~38%

27. Significant species • Ctenocalanus vanus • Temora longicornis(寬水蚤) • Centropages typicus(刺水蚤)

28. Result 3.Ciliated protozoans 4.Copepod assemblages 1.Hydrography 2.Phytoplankton Oithonid and Oncaeid Nuplii calanoida Predominance and Significant species Abundance and variable

29. 4.Copepod assemblages-Oithnid SJ107E SJ108W 1.SJ108W>SJ107E 2.MaxD,10m-20m 3.1993 and 1994,50-64％ 4.Oithona nana and oithona similis,20-47%

30. 4.Copepod assemblages-Oncaeids SJ107E 24-40% SJ108W 18-53% 1.Max value Autumn/Winter, except summer of 1997 2. 20m,1994Dec. SJ108W-Oncaea waldemari 1997Sep. SJ108W-Monothula subtilis bottom,Oncaeamedia and Oncaea zernovi

32. Statistical analysis SJ107E SJ107E 3.Nuplii(橈足類幼生) and Tintinnid(水母類) belong group B 4.Group D was Tintinnids in 1997. 1.In 1994 and 1995, Non-loricates(無甲殼類) from group C was high value. 2.Oncaeid(大眼劍水蚤) from group A2 at 1993.1994.1995

33. SJ108W 1. Oncaeid (大眼劍水蚤) from group A2 at 1994 and 1995. 2. In 1994 and 1995, Nuaplii (橈足類幼生) from group C was high value.

34. Use SIMPER Analysis

35. Fig.7. Average Max value SJ108；5.8×106 Average Max value SJ107 ；5.2×106

36. 1.Mainly depth 10-20m. • 2.Seasonal influence category abundance and Correlation coefficient is positive. • 3.Interspecific Correlation.

37. Conclusion • The structure and variability of major group of copepod population in northern Adriatic. • Complex processes and regulation of phytoplankton production levels during the warmer months. • Combine all methods in determine patterns in vertical distributeions,and during the stratification period.

38. The End~ Thank you !!