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Recurrency/Transition Training

Recurrency/Transition Training. Mel Burkart, MCFI. Recurrency/Transition Training. Regulatory Requirements - (FAR 61.56, 61.57, 61.31(j)) Flight Review Wings Program Endorsements (FAR 61.56, 61.31) Transition Training Syllabi Instructor qualifications Training Goals.

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Recurrency/Transition Training

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  1. Recurrency/Transition Training Mel Burkart, MCFI

  2. Recurrency/Transition Training • Regulatory Requirements - (FAR 61.56, 61.57, 61.31(j)) • Flight Review • Wings Program • Endorsements (FAR 61.56, 61.31) • Transition Training Syllabi • Instructor qualifications • Training Goals

  3. Currency RequirementsFAR 61.56 • FAR 61.56 - Flight Review • Every 24 calendar months • 1 hour of ground instruction, and • 1 hour, or 3 flights, of flight training • FAR 61.57 - Recent Flight Experience • 3 take-off’s and landings • within 90 days to carry passengers • Night – same requirement during nighttime. • Note: For night and tailwheel, takeoff and landings must be full stop • Same category, class • Category - airplane, rotorcraft, glider • Class - single engine, multiengine, land, water

  4. Flight Review FAR 61.56 • Flight Review is “NOT” a flight test • Note: the words “review” and “training”. inFAR 61.56. • Objective - Training to proficiency • Engage the applicant in the learning process • Ask the student to evaluate his strengths and weakness • suggest areas to work on. • Review FAR Part 61 and 91 as appropriate • Use PTS to define standards • Make appropriate logbook entry • Advisory Circular 61.65E Appendix 1

  5. Flight Review FAR 61.56 • Who needs a flight review? • Everyone! • (Private, Commercial, ATP, Flight Instructor) • What category/class of aircraft is the review good for? • ALL! • A single flight review covers a pilot for all ratings • CFI should evaluate the scope of his action.

  6. Flight Review FAR 61.56 • Alternative approaches • Obtain a new rating or certificate • Use the FAA Wings program • the WINGS program ends December 31, 2007. • Flight Standards District Offices (FSDO) will continue to accept phases completed by this date until January 31, 2008. • Advisory Circular 61-91H: • http://www.faa.gov/safety/awards/wings/ • New Wings Program • designed to help each pilot construct an educational curriculum suitable for their unique flight requirements. • https://www.faasafety.gov/WINGS/pppinfo/default.aspx

  7. Emergency Procedures on Tow • Rope break at various altitudes • Discussion • Pre-flight questioning • What questions do you ask? • In flight questioning • What questions do you ask? • Practice at safe altitude • How do you practice a rope break at altitude?

  8. Emergency Procedures on Landing • What do you do now? • Discussion • 1. • 2. • 3. • 4. • What are you going to do in the future? • Discussion • 1. • 2. • 3. • 4

  9. Currency vs. Proficiency • Definition of Currency • currency simply refers to being up to date or occurring within a recent period of time. • Definition of Proficiency • "performing a given skill with expert correctness.“ • Pilot proficiency - ability to perform tasks associated with the safe conduct of a flight • "...that practice is the key to the secret of flying." • Reasons for lack of proficiency • Prolonged period of inactivity • Fear of maneuver

  10. Proficiency or Current?

  11. FAR 61.69 – Glider Towing • Initial glider towing prerequisites • At least Private Pilot certificate • At least 100 hours of pilot-in-command in aircraft category, class, and type – if required or • Logged at least 10 flights towing a glider before May 17, 1967

  12. FAR 61.69 – Glider Towing • Initial training requirements in towplane • Ground & flight training in gliders • Emergency procedures • Ground and air signals • Maximum bank angles • 3 flights, real or simulated tows, • as sole operator of the controls towing a glider while accompanied by a pilot who meets these requirements (61.69, c) • If endorsing pilot has private pilot privileges must meet the requirements of 61.69 (d)(i)(ii) • Appropriate Logbook Endorsements

  13. FAR 61.69 – Glider Towing • Annual recurrent training requirements • Within the preceding 12 months • Made at least 3 actual or simulated tows while accompanied by a qualified tow pilot OR • Made at least 3 flights as PIC of a glider being aero-towed

  14. Pilot Factors • FAR 61.23 (b) Operations not requiring a medical certificate. A person is not required to hold a medical certificate: (1) When exercising the privileges of a pilot certificate with a glider category rating; • FAR 61.53 (b) Operations that do not require a medical certificate. For operations provided for in §61.23(b) of this part, a person shall not act as pilot in command, or in any other capacity as a required pilot flight crewmember, while that person knows or has reason to know of any medical condition that would make the person unable to operate the aircraft in a safe manner.

  15. Pilot FactorsPractical Aspects • General health issues • Cold/Flu • OTC drugs • Specific medical conditions • Prescription drugs • Surgical procedures & recovery • Aging - average age 54 • General trends – more physical problems • Reduction in motor skills - ? ? ? • Age 70 + • FAA eliminates Age60 rule for airline pilots • Increase in experience

  16. Club Safety Culture • Institutionalize practices and procedures that encourage ALL pilots to actively engage in safe practices • How do we do accomplish that? • Empower tow-pilots to refuse a launch • Both pilots are at risk • Empower ANY pilot to hold/stop an operation • Offer dual flying opportunities • Ref: SLSA Programs

  17. Types of Transition Training • Adding a new launch method • Aerotow, Ground launch, Self launch • Moving to a higher/lower performance glider • The step down is just as big as the step up! • Additional Glider Rating

  18. Types of Transition TrainingAdditional Launch methods • CFI endorsement is all that’s required • Training syllabus so applicant knows what to study (e.g., AC 61-94 for motorgliders) • Ground school to discus new launch procedures • Flight training to practice launch procedure • logbook endorsement to finish process

  19. Types of Transition TrainingMoving to a New Glider • Review Pilot Operating Handbook • Assembly/disassembly procedures • Manual or automatic flight controls hookups • Weight and Balance information • Review aircraft systems • Radio/transponder • Vario/flight computer • GPS

  20. Types of Transition TrainingMoving to a New Glider • Review ground/flight characteristics • Speeds • Tow, Approach & Landing • Thermaling, Inter-thermal cruising • T.O./Landing attitude • effect of tow-hook position • Pilot experience and decision heights • Log book endorsements

  21. Types of Transition TrainingMoving to a New Glider • Prepare plan for 1st flight • Tow height • Basic maneuvers • Stall characteristics in different configurations • Turn coordination exercises • Other maneuvers • Approach and landing considerations • Log book endorsements

  22. Types of Transition TrainingAdditional Category Rating • Adding a Glider rating • Evaluate previous experience • Introduce differences • Launch procedures • Thermal etiquette, flying close to other gliders • Approach and landing procedures • Review regulatory requirements • Log book endorsements • When do they expire?

  23. Log Book Endorsements • Student pilots • Pre-solo, specify launch procedure • Post-solo • Sign student pilot certificate • Other rated pilots • Log book endorsement only • May not have an explicit expiration date • Sample endorsements • Advisory Circular 61.65E, Appendix 1

  24. Training Syllabi • Improves communication between instructor and student • Should include both instructor and student components • Multiple sources available • Publications (FAA, SSA, Knauff, Piggott, Wander) • Internal club/school documents • personally developed

  25. Training Syllabi • Instructor components include • Record of ground/flight training • Records kept at club/school • Records available for review by student and instructor • Lesson plans describing the training steps

  26. Training Syllabi • Student components include • Training syllabus with detailed objectives • List of reference material provided for study • Completion standards specified • PTS – Practical Test Standars

  27. Training Goals • Ensure applicant reaches correlation stage of learning • Ensure applicant operates glider within defined safety limits • Ensure applicant enjoys the learning experience

  28. Serial vs Parallel Tasks • Serial • Sequential events • Time independent • Parallel • Multiple simultaneous events • Time critical

  29. Instructor Qualifications • Holds current flight instructor certificate • Current in appropriate launch procedure • Current in specific glider/motorglider • Practiced in appropriate Emergency procedures

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