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How will you know what your experimental data means?. Student’s Lab Notebook. Making Sense of Your Data. What data did you take? What are some things your data requires you to understand?. Can difference in color be due to genes?. What is known about energy production in Halo?. ATP.
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How will you know what your experimental data means? Student’s Lab Notebook
Making Sense of Your Data • What data did you take? • What are some things your data requires you to understand?
ATP • Cells need ATP for nearly all cellular processes that require energy, including growth • Therefore, halo must be able to make ATP in the conditions that allow them to grow
P P P P P P MORE stored energy ATP OUTPUT INPUT ENERGY FOR CELLULAR WORK CHEMICAL ENERGY + P ADP LESS stored energy
Question #1 What makes halobacterium purple?
Halo have a purple membrane protein called bacteriorhodopsin (bR) Halobacterium cell Bacteriorhodopsin (bR)
Halo have a purple membrane protein called bacteriorhodopsin (bR) Halobacterium cell Bacteriorhodopsin (bR)
Question #2 What is the purple membrane protein made of?
Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) Halo have a purple membrane protein called bacteriorhodopsin (bR) Cell membrane
Retinal Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) is made from a protein called bop and the molecule retinal Bop + retinal = bacteriorhodopsin (bR) Cell membrane Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) Bop protein
Question #3 What is the purpose of the purple membrane protein?
BR converts light energy into chemical energy for making ATP LIGHT Halobacterium cell ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) Note: other proteins are required for this process, but we will simplify and focus on bR
BR converts light energy into chemical energy for making ATP LIGHT Halobacterium cell ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP Bacteriorhodopsin (BR) Note: other proteins are required for this process, but we will simplify and focus on BR
Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) BR converts light energy into chemical energy for making ATP Cell membrane LIGHT ADP + P ATP
Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) ADP + P BR converts light energy into chemical energy for making ATP LIGHT PRESENT Cell membrane LIGHT ATP ATP
Halo use bacteriorhodopsin (bR) to produce ATP using light energy LIGHT PRESENT LIGHT ABSENT (DARK) LIGHT LIGHT Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) ADP ADP + + P P ATP ATP
Halobacterium cell Halobacterium cell Halo use bacteriorhodopsin (bR) to produce ATP using light energy LIGHT PRESENT LIGHT ABSENT (DARK) LIGHT LIGHT ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP Halo use bR to produce ATP for growth and metabolism Halo cannot use bR to produce ATP
Question #4 How would amount of light and levels of purple protein be connected?
Halo change the expression of bR in response to the amount of light in their environment LIGHT Halobacterium cell Bacteriorhodopsin (bR)
Halo change the expression of bR in response to the amount of light in their environment LIGHT Halobacterium cell Bacteriorhodopsin (bR)
Halobacterium cell Halobacterium cell Halo change the expression of bR in response to the amount of light in their environment LIGHT PRESENT LIGHT ABSENT (DARK) LIGHT LIGHT When there is more light, halo respond by making more bR When there is less light, halo make less bR
OUR QUESTION: How do Halobacterium cells control the amount of bR expressed in response to light? What is the gene and protein network that regulates the expression of bR?