1 / 113

Splash Screen

Splash Screen. Chapter Introduction Section 1: The Decline of the Qing Dynasty Section 2: Revolution in China Section 3: Rise of Modern Japan Visual Summary. Chapter Menu. In what ways can one culture influence another?

coyne
Download Presentation

Splash Screen

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Splash Screen

  2. Chapter Introduction Section 1:The Decline of the Qing Dynasty Section 2:Revolution in China Section 3:Rise of Modern Japan Visual Summary Chapter Menu

  3. In what ways can one culture influence another? During the Meiji Restoration, the imperial court was moved to the shogun’s palace in Edo (now Tokyo). The palace was eventually replaced with the Japanese Imperial Palace, which houses the emperor and his family today. It has been rebuilt many times because of fires and war. It has been restored using traditional Japanese architecture. In this chapter you will learn how Japan emerged as an industrial society. • What elements of traditional Japanese culture were affected by ideas of Western civilization? • How has Japanese culture influenced life in the United States? Chapter Intro

  4. Chapter Intro

  5. Chapter Intro

  6. The Decline of the Qing Dynasty What factors led to the decline of China’s Qing dynasty? Chapter Intro 1

  7. Revolution in China How did China change as a result of revolution and Western Influence? Chapter Intro 2

  8. Rise of Modern Japan How did Western technology lead to Japan’s modernization? Chapter Intro 3

  9. Chapter Preview-End

  10. The BIG Idea Competition Among CountriesAs the Qing dynasty declined, Western nations increased their economic involvement with China. Section 1-Main Idea

  11. Content Vocabulary extraterritoriality self-strengthening spheres of influence Open Door policy indemnity Academic Vocabulary highlighted exclusive Section 1-Key Terms

  12. People and Places Guangzhou Chang Jiang Hong Kong Hong Xiuquan Guang Xu Empress Dowager Ci Xi John Hay Section 1-Key Terms

  13. A B Can a country close its borders to all trade and still be successful? A. Yes B. No Section 1-Polling Question

  14. Causes of Decline Pressure from the West and corruption, government incompetence, and peasant unrest from within led to the decline of the Qing dynasty. Section 1

  15. Causes of Decline (cont.) Western powers wanted China to loosen trade restrictions that limited trade to the port at Guangzhou. To compensate for Britain’s unfavorable trade balance, the British began trading opium. Opium Imported Into China Section 1

  16. Causes of Decline (cont.) The Chinese retaliated with a blockade on Guangzhou, sparking the Opium War. The British navy quickly defeated the Chinese by sailing up the Chang Jiang to Nanjing. Section 1

  17. Causes of Decline (cont.) In the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842, the Chinese agreed to: • Open five coastal ports • Limit taxes on British imports • Pay for the cost of the war • Give Hong Kong to Great Britain • Allow Westerners living in China the right of extraterritoriality Section 1

  18. Causes of Decline (cont.) The Qing dynasty began to suffer from corruption, peasant unrest, and incompetence. Population growth created a food shortage and many people died of starvation. Hong Xiuquan led a peasant revolt called the Tai Ping Rebellion (1850–1864). Section 1

  19. Causes of Decline (cont.) The rebellion called for social reforms, such as giving land to peasants and making women equal to men. Europeans helped the Qing dynasty defeat the Tai Ping when they saw how destructive the Tai Ping forces were. The Tai Ping rebellion was one of the most devastating civil wars in history, during which as many as 20 million people died. Section 1

  20. Causes of Decline (cont.) The Qing dynasty was in decline and called for reforms under a new policy called “self-strengthening.” The Chinese government wanted to adopt Western technology but keep Confucian values. It modernized the military and built up industries while keeping the culture. Section 1

  21. A B C D In retaliation to the unequal trade imbalance, what did the British begin to sell to the Chinese? A.Opium B.Silk C.Tea D.Silver Section 1

  22. The Advance of Imperialism Western nations and Japan set up spheres of influence in China to gain exclusive trading rights. Section 1

  23. The Advance of Imperialism (cont.) Between 1886 and 1985, France, Russia, and Great Britain seized land throughout East Asia. European states began creating spheres of influence throughout China’s heartland by negotiating with warlords for exclusive trading rights and railroad and mining privileges. Spheres of Influence in China, 1900 Section 1

  24. The Advance of Imperialism (cont.) The Chinese lost control of many territories: • Russia forced China to give up territories in Siberia. • Tibet became independent from Chinese influence. • The Japanese gained the island of Taiwan. • Germany demanded territories in the Shandong Peninsula. Section 1

  25. The Advance of Imperialism (cont.) The emperor Guang Xucalled forOne Hundred Days of Reform. Guang Xu wanted to base the Chinese government, education system, and military on Western models. Many conservatives opposed the reforms, including Empress Dowager Ci Xi, who became a dominant force at court. Ci Xi and the imperial army imprisoned the emperor and exiled, prosecuted, or imprisoned supporters of the reforms. Section 1

  26. The Advance of Imperialism (cont.) The reforms were met with limited support because of the following weaknesses: • Damaged careers of many scholars • Neglected agriculture • Focused too heavily on the elite classes • Could not end foreign influence Section 1

  27. A B C D Which is not a reason that Guang Xu’s reform policies were not supported by Chinese society? A.Agriculture was neglected. B.Reforms were focused too heavily on the elite. C.Reforms could not end foreign influence. D.Scholars were given too much power. Section 1

  28. Responses to Imperialism The United States proposed an Open Door policy to guarantee it would have equal trading rights with European countries in China. Section 1

  29. Responses to Imperialism (cont.) In 1899 the U.S. secretary of state, John Hay, wrote notes to Britain, Russia, Germany, France, Italy, and Japan asking each country to respect equal trading rights in China. There was no opposition to Hay’s proposal, leading to establishment of the Open Door policy. Section 1

  30. Responses to Imperialism (cont.) The Open Door policy reduced trade restrictions and foreign influences. The policy also eased fears throughout the Western nations that one country would obtain overwhelming influence throughout China. Section 1

  31. Responses to Imperialism (cont.) A secret organization called the Society of Harmonious Fists formed in opposition to foreign influence in China and initiated the Boxer Rebellion. The Boxers began killing foreigners, including Western businessmen, and Christian missionaries and converts. Section 1

  32. Responses to Imperialism (cont.) An allied army formed in retaliation and crushed the rebellion and demanded more concessions from the Chinese government, including a heavy indemnity. Section 1

  33. A B C D What is an indemnity? A.A payment for damages B.A trade restriction C.Land won in a war D.A legal fine Section 1

  34. Section 1-End

  35. The BIG Idea Self-DeterminationReforms led to a revolution in China, and the arrival of Westerners brought changes to its culture and economy. Section 2-Main Idea

  36. Content Vocabulary provincial commodities Academic Vocabulary phase motive Section 2-Key Terms

  37. People and Places Sun Yat-sen Henry Pu Yi General Yuan Shigai Shanghai Wuhan Section 2-Key Terms

  38. A B A government needs to change as society progresses. A. Agree B. Disagree Section 2-Polling Question

  39. The Fall of the Qing Sun Yat-sen led a successful revolution to end the Qing dynasty, but he was unable to establish a stable government. Section 2

  40. The Fall of the Qing (cont.) After the Boxer Rebellion, Empress Dowager Ci Xi implemented numerous reforms in an attempt to hold onto power, including the formation of legislative assemblies at the provincial level. Sun Yat-sen believed the Qing dynasty could no longer govern China. Section 2

  41. The Fall of the Qing (cont.) Sun Yat-sen formed the Revive China Society and a three-stage reform process: • Military takeover • Transitional phase preparing people for democracy • Establishment of a constitutional democracy Section 2

  42. The Fall of the Qing (cont.) After the death of the Empress, the infant Henry Pu Yi became China’s last emperor. In 1911, the followers of Sun Yat-sen revolted and the Qing dynasty collapsed. Fall of the Qing Empire Section 2

  43. The Fall of the Qing (cont.) The Nationalist party lacked political and military power and was forced to allow General Yuan Shigai, a member of the old order, to serve as president. Yuan did not have much support. The reformers did not like his traditional, dictatorial manner of ruling and supporters of the Qing dynasty viewed him as a traitor. Section 2

  44. The Fall of the Qing (cont.) Yuan dissolved the parliament, sparking a rebellion led by the Nationalists. The Nationalists fled to Japan after the rebellion failed. After Yuan’s death, China experienced several years of civil war. Section 2

  45. A B C D Why was General Yuan Shigai chosen to be the new president? A.He was the leader of the Nationalist party. B.He controlled the army. C.He supported the Qing dynasty. D.He was elected by the people. Section 2

  46. Cultural Changes Western culture had a dramatic effect on many Chinese people, especially those living in cities. Section 2

  47. Cultural Changes (cont.) Western culture in China was most evident in the cities, where a national market for commodities such as oil, salt, copper, tea, and porcelain appeared. Westernization affected China in three ways: • Introduced modern means of transportation • Created an export market • Integrated the Chinese market into the world market Section 2

  48. Cultural Changes (cont.) Imperialism also had negative effects. • China depended on the West. • Many Chinese were exploited, and local industries were destroyed. • Profits went to foreign countries rather than to the Chinese economy. Section 2

  49. Cultural Changes (cont.) After World War I, foreign investment drawn out of China, enabling Chinese businesspeople to develop new ventures. Modern cities such as Shanghai, Wuhan, Tianjin and Guangzhou became major industrial and commercial centers. In the rural areas, life remained largely unchanged. Traditional jobs and family roles remained the same. Section 2

  50. Cultural Changes (cont.) The cities experienced the most change, with Western cultural influence at it strongest and Confucian social ideas on the decline. The culture began to truly change when intellectuals introduced Western books, art, music, and ideas to China. Conservatives remained loyal to traditional culture, clashing with radical reformers who wanted it eliminated. Section 2

More Related