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有机化学自测题 ( 二 )

CH 3. CH 2 CH 2 CH 3. NO 2. 1. 2. —CH 3. 4. 3. Br. Cl. Cl. C(CH 3 ) 3. NO 2. CH 3 - CH - CH - CH - CH 3. (CH 3 ) 2 C. CH - C(CH 3 ) 2. 5. 6. Br. CH 3. CH 3. Cl. —CH 2 Cl. CH. A. —C. A. 1. 2. —CH 2 Cl. B. —CH. CH. B. —Cl. C. —CH 2 CH 3. C. 有机化学自测题 ( 二 ).

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有机化学自测题 ( 二 )

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  1. CH3 CH2CH2CH3 NO2 1. 2. —CH3 4. 3. Br Cl Cl C(CH3)3 NO2 CH3-CH-CH-CH-CH3 (CH3)2C CH-C(CH3)2 5. 6. Br CH3 CH3 Cl —CH2Cl CH A. —C A. 1. 2. —CH2Cl B. —CH CH B. —Cl C. —CH2CH3 C. 有机化学自测题(二) 训练内容:芳香烃与卤代烃 一、 命名或写结构式: 7. E-2-氯-2-丁烯 8. 对氯苄氯 9.3-苯基-1-氯丙烯 二、用化学方法鉴别下列各组化合物:

  2. —CH2Cl分子中的Cl活性大于H2C CHCl分子中的Cl。( ) 1. 1. H2C CH2 CH3CH2COOH 2. H2C CH3CH2CH2CH3 CH2 3. CH3CH2CH2OH CH3CH2CH2—O—CH(CH3)2 5. CH3CH2CH2CH2Br CH3COOH CH3 4. (CH3)2CHCH2Cl (CH3)3CCOOH COOH —Br 6. 由 制备 和 —Br NO2 三、正错题,对的打“√”,错的打“×”: 2. 凡有双键或环状结构的含碳化合物均有顺反异构。( ) 3. 卤代烃均能与AgNO3/乙醇溶液反应生成AgX↓。( ) 4. 在反应中,能提供电子对而成键的试剂叫亲核试剂。( ) 5. 不对称烯烃与HBr加成符合查依采夫规则,而卤代烃发生消除反应时则遵守马氏规则。( ) 四、完成下列转化:

  3. —CH3 A. —Cl C. B. —OH —CH CH2 D. O —CH3 —OH —NO2 B. —Cl C. D. E. A. B. E. C. D. F. Cl Cl A. B. CH3CH2CH2X A. CH3CH CHX C. (CH3)2C CHCH2X D. CH3CH CHCH2X 五、选择正确的答案填在括号内: 1. 下列化合物中只有p-π共轭的是( ),只有σ-π共轭的是( ),只有π-π共轭的是( )。 2. 下列化合物中具有芳香性的是( )。 3. 由易→难排列下列化合物起亲电取代反应的顺序( )。 4. 下列卤代烃中X原子被取代,最活泼的化合物是( )。

  4. 1. (CH3)2C ( ) CH—CH CH2+H2SO4 OCH3 HNO3/H2SO4 2. ( ) + ( ) △ COOH AgNO3 HBr 3. ( ) ( ) + ( ) —CH3 乙醇 Br2 NaOH —CH CH2 4. ( ) ( ) 乙醇 CH3CH2CH2Cl ( ) 5. 无水AlCl3 Cl 6. —CH2Cl NaOH ( ) H2O 六、完成下列反应式:

  5. 无水AlCl3 8. ( ) —CH3+(CH3)2CHCH2Cl CH3 ( ) ( ) ( ) —CH2COOH 9. —CH2Cl ( ) ( ) ( ) Br2 NaOH KOH 10. CH3CH—CH—CH3 ( ) ( ) ( ) 乙醇 乙醇 CH3 Cl CH3 CH3 CH3 ( ) ( ) ( ) NO2 CHO 11. ( ) ( ) ( ) CH3 CH2OH 7. KMnO4 ( ) O C—CH3 KMnO4 C O ( ) —C CH—CH2OH 12. (CH3)3C— H+ H+ CH3 C(CH3)3 CH3

  6. CH3 CH3 7. C C Cl— —CH2Cl 8. CHCl —CH2CH 9. Cl H A 灰白↓者为A [Ag(NH3)2]+ 1. B 褪色者为B B Br2/Cl4 余者为 C 余 者为C C A 立即出现白↓者为A 2. AgNO3/乙醇 B 加热出现白↓者为B C 加热不↓ 者为C 答 案 一、1. 1-甲基-2-丙基-5-叔丁基苯   2. 1-甲基-3-氯萘 3. 1,5-二硝基萘 4. 3-氯-3-溴环己烯 5. 2,3-二甲基-4-溴戊烷 6. 2,4-二甲基-4-氯-2-戊烯 二、 三、 1. √ 2. × 3. × 4. √ 5. ×

  7. 四、 HBr NaCN H2O 1. H2C CH2 CH3CH2Br H+ CH3CH2CN CH3CH2COOH 乙醇 HBr Na 2. H2C CH2 CH3CH2Br Na CH3CH2CH2CH3 3. CH3CH2CH2OH CH3CH2CH2ONa Br H2SO4 CH3CH2CH2ONa HBr CH3CH2CH2OH CH3CH CH2 CH3CH—CH3 △ CH3CH2CH2—O—CH(CH3)2 Br HBr NaCN NaOH NaOH NaOH (CH3)2C—CH3 4. (CH3)2CHCH2Cl (CH3)2CH CH2 乙醇 乙醇 H2O (CH3)3C—CN (CH3)3CCOOH H+ NaOH HBr 5. CH3CH2CH2CH2Br CH3CH2CH CH2 CH3CH2CH—CH3 CH3 KMnO4 COOH COOH CH3CH CHCH3 乙醇 CH3COOH 6. CH3Cl H+ NaOH KMnO4 Br Br2 CH3 CH3 AlCl3 Br 乙醇 H+ Fe Br Br2 HNO3/H2SO4 Fe NO2 NO2

  8. OCH3 2. OCH3 1. (CH3)2C—CH CHCH3 + O2N OSO3H COOH COOH , NO2 3. , Br 4. ONO2+AgBr↓ —CH—CH2 —C CH3 CH CH3 Br Br 5. Cl —CH(CH3)2 COOH 6. —CH2OH 7. CH3 —COOH —C (CH3)3 + CH3 8. C(CH3)3 C(CH3)3 CH3 CH3 H CH3 10. CH3—C CHCH3, C—CH CH2 CH2 11. CH3Cl/AlCl3,CH3-C-Cl/AlCl3,HNO3/H2SO4,△ CH3—C—C—CH3, O CH3 Br Br 12. (CH3)3C— —C O+HOOC—COOH COOH 五、1. ×,C,D,AB 2. ADE 3. CBAED 4. C 六、 9. CH3Cl/AlCl3, Cl2/光,NaCN/乙醇,H2O/H+

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