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Math and Science

Math and Science. How Math is Used. Mathematics is used to describe natural objects and populations Mathematics is used to model natural systems. Measuring Systems. Measuring systems are constructed from a few minimum necessary elements Length Mass Time Temperature. Describing Objects.

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Math and Science

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  1. Math and Science

  2. How Math is Used • Mathematics is used to describe natural objects and populations • Mathematics is used to model natural systems

  3. Measuring Systems • Measuring systems are constructed from a few minimum necessary elements • Length • Mass • Time • Temperature

  4. Describing Objects • Measurements can be combined to describe an object • Volume = length 3 (ex. cm3 , m 3) • Density = mass/volume (ex. g/cm3, mg/m3) • Concentration = mass/volume (ex. g/ml, mg/L)

  5. Describing Processes • Measurements can be combined to describe a process • Velocity = length/time (ex. m/sec, km/hr)

  6. Types of Data • Discrete Data • Each item measured is a discrete or whole unit • Continuous Data • Points along a continuum • Points along a subdivided scale

  7. Types of Measurement Scales • Nominal and Ordinal Scales • Used to measure discrete data • Interval and Ratio Scales • Used to measure continuous data

  8. Scales of Measurement • Nominal and Ordinal Scales • Used for discrete data • Sorting of whole units into groupings

  9. Nominal Scale For discrete data • Whole units sorted into groupings of equal value. • No measure of difference between items • Ex. Numbers of males and females

  10. Ordinal Scale For discrete data • Whole units sorted into groupings of relative value • Measure of difference between items in groups • Ex. Fish ranked by size small fish, medium fish, and big fish

  11. Colorimetric Comparisons Nominal or Ordinal?

  12. Scales of Measurement • Interval and Ratio Scales • Used for continuous data • Indicates the distance between items

  13. Interval and Ratio Scales • The ratio between any two intervals is independent of the unit of measurement and of the zero point. • No matter which scale you use the ratio of intervals remains the same.

  14. Ratio Scale • Has a true zero point • Ex. Length, volume, weight

  15. Interval Scale Zero point is arbitrarily set Ex. Temperature (arbitrary zero based on temperature at which water freezes)

  16. Concentration of Added Nitrogen Ratio or Interval?

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