DO NOW: Civics & Economics

1. DO NOW: Civics & Economics 1. What is the legislative branch called on the state level? 2. Who is the head of the executive branch on the state level?

2. NC Courts Understand important NC court cases and their impact on NC TODAY!!!

3. NC State Supreme Court -There are 7 justices -Justices serve 8-yearterms -Justices are elected by NC people -NC Justices have the power of judicial review, which means they make sure that the governor and General Assembly are not being unconstitutional • IMPORTANT: Death Penalty (Capital Punishment) cases go directly from Superior to Supreme Court.

4. NC Court of Appeals -There are 15 judges -Judges are elected for 8-year terms -Has appellate jurisdiction (hears cases appealed from lower courts) NC Superior Courts -Has original jurisdiction over serious crimes (felonies) and cases involving MORE than $10,000 -Has appellate jurisdiction over cases appealed from district courts

5. NC District Courts -Have exclusive jurisdiction over minor crimes (misdemeanors) and cases involving LESS than $10,000

6. NC Supreme Court Court of Appeals Superior Courts District Courts What court has jurisdiction? Based on the scenarios below, what court hears the case? (Supreme, Court of Appeals, Superior or District)? • You were charged with assault, a misdemeanor. Where do you go for trial?____________________ b. You were found guilty of assault. Later you find out a witness lied in your case and you want to appeal your guilty verdict. Where do you go? __________________________ Every case must work its way up the court system

7. NC Supreme Court Court of Appeals Superior Courts District Courts What court has jurisdiction? Based on the scenarios below, what court hears the case? (Supreme, Court of Appeals, Superior or District)? c. You are found guilty again. This time you say evidence was admitted into the trial that the police never had a warrant for. You appeal again. Where do you go? _______________________ d. Michael is charged with 1st degree murder, a case that would give him the death penalty if he were convicted. He is first found guilty in _______________ court.

8. NC Supreme Court Court of Appeals Superior Courts District Courts (Supreme, Court of Appeals, Superior or District)? e. Michael maintains that his confession to the crime was obtained illegally because the police did not read him his rights. He wants to appeal his guilty verdict. Where does Michael go? _______________________ f. Melissa is charged with stealing up to $20,000 worth of merchandise from Gucci over the last couple of years. Where would her case be heard first? _______________

9. Supreme Court ????? Superior Court District (County) Court EOC Review 1. Which best completes the diagram? • County Commissioners Court • District Court • NC Court of Appeals • Magistrate Court

10. II. Court Information A. Court cases move UP the court system, EXCEPT for death penalty (capital punishment) cases. These cases go straight from Superior Courts to the NC State Supreme Court B. The US Supreme Court can still reverse decisions made by the NC State Supreme Court

11. 3. REVIEW: What clause says this that the US Supreme Court is still supreme (higher) than the NC State Supreme Court? Supremacy Clause

13. State vs. Mann Mann shoots and severely wounds Lydia as she struggles to escape a beating Elizabeth Jones lends her slave, Lydia, to a man named John Mann Jury finds Mann guilty of battery and imposes a $5 fine…Mann appealed NC Supreme Court reverses the decision in favor of Mann because, according to the NC Constitution, slaves were the absolute property of their masters The judgment was written by Judge Thomas Ruffin, who stated that "the power of the master must be absolute, to render the submission of the slave perfect." Ruffin, however, made it clear that his opinion was a legal one, and that his sympathy lay with Lydia.

14. State vs. Mann BIG IDEA 1. The NC Constitution is the SUPREME law of the land. A case involving people’s rights, no matter how wrong something seems, will ALWAYS be decided based on what the NC Constitution declares as law. 2. Slaves are property, NOT people

16. Which court case from 1829 helped illustrate that the North Carolina Constitution is the supreme law of the state? a. Leandro v. State of NC b. Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg c. State v. Mann d. Brown v. Board of Education

17. IV. The Leandro Case (Leandro v. North Carolina • This case affects ALL of us here at Northampton West STEM very much!

18. Leandro v. North Carolina Court of Appeals dismisses case in 1996, saying that public schools were not guaranteed the similar quality of education in the NC constitution 1997: Ruling of the Appeals Court overturned by the state Supreme Court because, “every child has the right to a sound, basic education” In 1994, Hoke, Cumberland, Robeson, Halifax, and Vance counties sue the state, claiming that they are receiving unequal educational opportunities

19. Judge Howard Manning • NC Supreme Court said: All NC children have a constitutional right to the“equal opportunity to receive a sound basic education.” • Article IX (9) of the NC Constitution

20. 2. Low-scoring districts should receive more resources and produce a higher number of passing EOC scores to improve student achievement 1. Students must receive an equal education --> if a district is poorer, it deserves more funding 3. It was the responsibility of the state to provide an equal education to all its students. He ordered that the state “remedy the Constitutional deficiency for those children who are not being provided the basic educational services.” Leandro’s IMPACT

21. Leandro’s Impact cont. Funding for schools should be equally distributed Better resources for poorer schools Qualified teachers More EOCs/EOGS Only Level 3 or 4 is passing Better administrators Money for “at risk” students 2005 Education Lottery

22. 4. How would the outcome of State vs. Mann be different if the 14th amendment had passed in the 1820s and not the 1860s? V. 14th Amendment An amendment passed AFTER the Civil War (in the 1860s) to make sure that former slaves were treated EQUALLY compared to whites -No Segregation -No different treatment based on skin color, religion, etc.

23. It’s your turn to gradeNorthampton West STEM High School! “A Leandro Report Card” • Read each of the requirements. • Read the questions for each requirement • Answer each question for each requirement in the “My Explanation box” below the questions. You must give a FULL SENTENCE description • Give a grade for each requirement • Give this school a final grade at the top.

24. NCHS – West Spring 2010 EOC Results NCHS (9-12) 68% of students passed EOCs. * = Level 3/4 required for graduation in class