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1. A Quick Outlook at 2020’s Debt Market What is the debt market? The debt market deals with the buying and selling of debt instruments. It is mostly made of bonds, mortgages, debentures, and similar lending instruments. Fixed payment in the form of interest and the principal amount is compulsory. The debt market is a different equity market where equity instruments such as stock are in trading. Companies and governments who issue stocks have an option to not pay the dividend to owners. However, the debt instruments come with an obligation to repay the entire loan with interest on time. But with the best debt consolidation companies in New York, one can manage their debts well on time. How was debt activity in 2020? The year 2020 was full of catastrophic changes for everyone in all aspects. With the sudden pandemic-induced lockdown, everything had come to a halt. The rising debt was high among the emerging economies and firms at risk of financial distress. Although, rising debt is a positive sign for the economy, as it signifies economic

2. growth.However, according to Refinitiv, with a 35% increase in global debt activity in 2020, the burden of debt and solvency risk increases. Moreover, the policymakers have limited tools to control such financial risk because the banks do not regulate the capital market. Moreover, analysis by Refinitiv shows that the volume of deals crossed 13,000, with the global debt activity rate up exponentially. There was an activity of about US$5.5 trillion. The highest issuance rate was in the second quarter of 2020, with an increase of about 52%. More investment-grade corporate debt in the US was issued in the first half of 2020 than the whole of 2019. During the initial months of 2020, there was issuance of debt security amounting to USD 1.2 trillion. Moreover, the highest activity in this financial market was during April, May, and March. There was a dip in green bonds in the first half. However, the market revived in the second half of the quarter, as its issuance increased 74% from the initial quarter. With the rising pandemic, the demand for debt was high in 2020. Tackling the debt consolidation crisis was difficult for everyone. However, there were two broad ways by which countries tried to manage their crisis. The first is, introducing low-interest rates and accommodating monetary policies. Central Banks or reserve banks decrease the interest rates and inject money into the economy. The developing countries used the support of swap lines to continue access to the market. Secondly, the financial support from global organizations such as the IMF to 76 countries aided in a stable condition. Moreover, financing through emergency funds like ‘G20 Debt Service Suspension Initiative and IMF’s ‘Catastrophe Containment and Relief Trust helped 44 and 29 countries, respectively. Most of the countries and corporates spend most of their finance on the expenses due to the pandemic. They spend their low revenue effectively with the necessary

3. measures required for debt consolidation in New York City. At the end of the year, US investment-grade bonds ended at a yield of 1.77%. The impact of Covid-19 on the recovery of the economy has affected the low-rated companies and certain industries specifically. However, the best debt consolidation companies in New York have aided such firms to efficiently manage debt consolidation.