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Allotropes – same but different

Allotropes – same but different. Done by: Maxx Chan Yuhang (17) 1P4. What are allotropes?. Different physical forms in which an element can exist. (because of a difference in chemical structure.) Allotropes are matters that are made of only one type of atom.

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Allotropes – same but different

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  1. Allotropes – same but different Done by: Maxx Chan Yuhang (17) 1P4

  2. What are allotropes? • Different physical forms in which an element can exist. (because of a difference in chemical structure.) • Allotropes are matters that are made of only one type of atom. • This is a contrast to other matters such as water, which is a combination of 1 oxygen atom and 2 hydrogen atoms. Water chemical structure Allotrope chemical structure

  3. History • The concept of allotropy was proposed in 1841 by the Swedish scientist Baron Jöns Jakob Berzelius. • The term is derived from the Greek άλλοτροπἱα (allotropia; variability, changeableness).

  4. What is so special about them? Diamond Graphite • Think of them as transformers, • If you arrange the atoms differently, as you would rearrange the parts of a transformer… • You get a totally different element!

  5. Examples of allotropes Coal and diamond • Carbon • Graphite - Coal • Diamond - Fullerenes • Charcoal - and more… • Tin • Gray tin • White tin • Arsenic • Yellow arsenic • Black arsenic • Gray arsenic • Phosphorus • White phosphorus • Red Phosphorus • Black Phosphorus White phosphorus

  6. Uses of different allotropes • Carbon • Graphite: pencil lead • Diamond: cutting tools, jewellery • Charcoal: ink, burning • Phosphorus • White phosphorus: poisonous; was used in the 2006 war against Lebanon by Israel • Red phosphorus: preparation of hydrobromic and hydriodic acids in laboratory

  7. More on Allotropes • Allotropes are very different from one another… • For example:

  8. Bibliography • http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_6f-2wMOiMjA/TFMfdD1mXZI/AAAAAAAAAJo/04UenVGlzWA/s1600/water.jpg • http://www.history.co.uk/encyclopedia/allotrope.html • http://www.qi.com/talk/viewtopic.php?t=17144&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=30&sid=f324d5101e8c0a9040ec5740b90ac2dc • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allotropy#History • The great transformer animation is from: http://10fingersdesigns.com/3d/transform.htm • Table from: http://www.ausetute.com.au/allotropy.html • http://www.nanoscienceworks.org/nanopedia/carbon-allotropes • http://focus.aps.org/files/focus/v22/st5/coal_diamond.jpg • http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_dk_535A9cZA/SWIvUirLkuI/AAAAAAAAAPM/CcGCyE0TMgg/s400/white_phosphorus41.jpg • http://nlam.in/image/minerals/mal.gif • http://www.ozonosan.de/images/upload/Image/ozongesellschaft/O2O3.gif • http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_M1ZdsxrYI3U/TLCQ5a6Bp8I/AAAAAAAACLA/1o0Ncrr5CdI/s1600/penciltalk.org.leads.3.jpg • http://www.thedailygreen.com/media/cm/thedailygreen/images/natural-charcoal-bbq-lg.jpg

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