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Looking at Trenton–Black River Reservoirs: Outcrops Analogs in Kentucky

Looking at Trenton–Black River Reservoirs: Outcrops Analogs in Kentucky. Dave Harris Kentucky Geological Survey University of Kentucky. T R O U G H. R O M E. Outline. Trenton/Black River in Kentucky NYSERDA project at KGS and NYSM Tectonic dolomite examples from outcrops and shallow cores.

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Looking at Trenton–Black River Reservoirs: Outcrops Analogs in Kentucky

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  1. Looking at Trenton–Black River Reservoirs:Outcrops Analogs in Kentucky Dave Harris Kentucky Geological Survey University of Kentucky

  2. T R O U G H R O M E

  3. Outline • Trenton/Black River in Kentucky • NYSERDA project at KGS and NYSM • Tectonic dolomite examples from outcrops and shallow cores

  4. Regional Structure

  5. C h r o n o s t r a t i g r a p h i c U n i t s N o r t h G l o b a l A m e r i c a n S y s t e m S e r i e s S t a g e / S e r i e s J u n i a t a B u l l D r a k e s F m Q u e e n s t o n F o r k F m F m F m G r a n t A s h l o c k L a k e L o r r a i n e F m L i m e s t o n e G r o u p C a l l o w a y F a i r v i e w C r e e k F m / L e i p e r s F m G a r r a r d S l t s . C l a y s U t i c a F m K o p e F e r r y T r e n t o n L e x i n g t o n G r o u p L i m e s t o n e T r e n t o n L i m e s t o n e H i g h B r i d g e B l a c k R i v e r B l a c k R i v e r G r o u p G r o u p G r o u p Upper and Middle Ordovician Stratigraphy Units affected by fault-controlled dolomitization

  6. Type Log Upper and Middle Ordovician, Central Kentucky

  7. Study Area

  8. Shelby Co. Clark Co. Jeptha Knob

  9. Tectonic Dolomite, Clark Co., Ky.

  10. Ordovician oil shows, central Ky. Calloway Creek Fm (dolomitized),Clark Co., Ky. Lexington Ls. (Trenton)Walker Quarry, Montgomery Co., Ky.

  11. Why look at outcrops in Kentucky? • Regional scale • Understand distribution of tectonic dolomite • Timing of faulting, dolomitization, and hydrocarbon migration • Local scale • Reservoir scale porosity and permeabilitydistribution • Depositional facies controls

  12. Tectonic Dolomite Model,Steuben Co., New York

  13. Need Better Geological Model • Model for dolomitization process • Stratigraphic control on dolomite • Structural control on dolomite • Source/pathways for fluids • Timing of dolomitization • relation to hydrocarbon migration • Hydrocarbon source

  14. NYSERDA Project • 2-year project to study central Kentucky dolomites and apply results to subsurface N.Y. dolomite reservoirs • Co-funded by Triana Energy, KGS and U.S. DOE • Focus: outcrops and new continuous cores • Approach: petrography, geochemistry, shallow high-resolution seismic, integration with New York reservoirs

  15. NYSERDA (cont.) • Geochemical techniques • oxygen and carbon stable isotopes • microprobe (trace elements) • fluid inclusions (salinity and temperature) • Cores: 2 continuous cores through Trenton and Black River to top Knox

  16. Integration with New York Reservoirs • Collaborating with T. Smith at the NYSM • Data to be compared with similar work on New York rocks • DOE funding shallow seismic acquisition in central Kentucky • P-wave and shear wave sources to image shallow dolomites

  17. Tectonic Dolomite Outcrops • Hydrothermal mineralization present in central Kentucky: barite, galena, sphalerite, saddle dolomite • Upper Ordovician limestones replaced by dolomite adjacent to faults in outcrop • Black et al., (1981 USGS Professional Paper 1151A) mapped 33 T-dolomites

  18. Ordovician Dolomite Localities Top Black River shaded relief From Black and others, 1981

  19. Fault-controlled dolomite,Clark Co., Ky. From Black et al., 1981

  20. Saddle Dolomite, Clark Co., Ky.

  21. Fracture-fill in core CK-15stained with alizarin-red calcite barite or celestite calcite dolomite

  22. Shelby Co. Clark Co. Jeptha Knob

  23. Jeptha Knob, Shelby Co., Ky. • Circular, fault-bounded structural and topographic high • About 2.5 miles in diameter, central uplift core, with flank area of annular and radial faults • Cryptoexplosive structure or meteor impact? • Ordovician limestones extensively dolomitzed

  24. Jeptha Knob Geology

  25. Jeptha Knob cores • Cored for mineral exploration • 3 continuous cores, from surface to about 2,000 ft • Breccias and dolomite with high-angle dips; high porosity and permeability in dolomitized Trenton • Hydrothermal? – no saddle dolomite observed

  26. JK78-1, 341 ft JK78-1, 361 ft

  27. High angle dips, chaotic bedding, and breccias • Skeletal grainstones and packstones (Trenton lithologies) dolomitized • Abundant moldic and intercrystalline porostiy JK78-1, 341 ft

  28. JK78-1, 433 ft

  29. JK78-1, 462 ft JK78-1, 409 ft

  30. Conclusions • Fault-related, hydrothermal dolomites occur in Trenton–Black River outcrops in Kentucky • Good laboratory to develop models for hydrothermal dolomitization that will be applicable throughout the basin

  31. Acknowledgements New York State Energy Research and Development Authority U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory Triana Energy, Inc.

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