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Network-Attached Storage

Section 2 : Storage Networking Technologies and Virtualization. Network-Attached Storage. Chapter 7. Chapter Objectives. After completing this chapter, you will be able to: Describe NAS, its benefits and components Discuss different NAS implementations Describe NAS file-sharing protocols

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Network-Attached Storage

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  1. Section 2 : Storage Networking Technologies and Virtualization Network-Attached Storage Chapter 7

  2. Chapter Objectives After completing this chapter, you will be able to: • Describe NAS, its benefits and components • Discuss different NAS implementations • Describe NAS file-sharing protocols • Discuss NAS management options

  3. File Sharing Environment • File system is a structured way of storing and organizing data files • File Sharing • Storing and accessing data files over network • File system must be mounted in order to access files • Traditional client/server model, implemented with file-sharing protocols for remote file sharing • Example: FTP, CIFS (also known as SMB), NFS, DFS

  4. File Sharing Technology Evolution Networked File Sharing Networked PCs Portable Mediafor File Sharing Stand Alone PC Network Attached Storage (NAS)

  5. What is NAS ? NAS is shared storage on a network infrastructure Clients ApplicationServer PrintServer NAS Device

  6. Single Function NAS Device General Purpose Servers vs. NAS Devices File System Applications Operating System Print Drivers Network File System Operating System Network • Dedicated for file-serving • Uses real-time OS dedicated for file-serving purpose General Purpose Servers (Windows or UNIX)

  7. Benefits of NAS • Support comprehensive access to information • Improves efficiency – uses special purpose OS • Improved flexibility – platform independent • Centralizes storage • Simplifies management • Scalability • High availability – provide redundant components • Provides security integration to environment (user authentication and authorization)

  8. Components of NAS UNIX NFS Network Interface NAS Head NFS CIFS IP NAS Device OS Storage Interface CIFS Windows Storage Array

  9. NAS File Sharing Protocols • Two common NAS file sharing protocols are: • NFS – Network File System protocol • Traditional UNIX environment file sharing protocol • CIFS – Common Internet File System protocol • Traditional Microsoft environment file sharing protocol, based upon the Server Message Block protocol

  10. Network File System (NFS) • Client/server application • Uses RPC mechanisms over TCP protocol • Mount points grant access to remote hierarchical file structures for local file system structures • Access to the mount can be controlled by permissions Additional Task Research on NFS & CIFS

  11. NAS File Sharing - CIFS • Common Internet File System • Developed by Microsoft in 1996 • An enhanced version of the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol • Stateful Protocol • Can automatically restore connections and reopen files that were open prior to interruption • Operates at the Application/Presentation layer of the OSI model • Most commonly used with Microsoft operating systems, but is platform-independent • CIFS runs over TCP/IP and uses DNS (Domain Naming Service) for name resolution

  12. 2 3 1 4 Client IP Network NAS Device NAS I/O Application Storage Interface Operating System Network Protocol Block I/O to storage device I/O Redirect NAS Operating System NFS / CIFS NFS / CIFS Storage Array Client uses file I/O TCP/IP Stack TCP/IP Stack Network Interface Network Interface

  13. IP IP FC SAN NAS Implementations Integrated NAS NAS Device Gateway NAS NAS Head Storage Array

  14. IP Integrated NAS Connectivity Clients Application Server Integrated NAS System Application Server

  15. Client Client Client IP FC SAN Gateway NAS Connectivity Additional Task Research on suitable environments for implementing Integrated & Gateway NAS Application Server Application Server Storage Array NAS Gateway

  16. Hosting and Accessing Files on the NAS Steps to host a file system: • Create an array volume • Assign volume to NAS device • Create a file system on the volume • Mount the file system • Access the file system • Use NFS in UNIX environment • Execute mount/nfsmount command • Use CIFS in windows environment • Map the network drive as: \\Account1\Act_Rep

  17. NAS Management • Most ship with vendor management software • Have unique management issues • Require preliminary analysis • Need additional complementary software

  18. Managing NAS Environments • Managing an Integrated System • Both NAS component and the storage array are managed via NAS management software • Managing a Gateway System • NAS component managed via NAS management software • Storage array managed via array management software

  19. IP FC SAN Traditional File Server Environment – Example 1 Internal Users Business Clients Surfers, Shoppers Web Database Transaction Mission Critical Servers Windows File Server UNIX File Server

  20. Business Clients LAN/WAN FC SAN Storage Consolidation with NAS Internal Users Surfers, Shoppers Database Transaction Mission Critical Servers NAS Head

  21. IP Traditional File Server Environment – Example 2 UNIX NTW2K UNIX Windows General purpose OS serving files viaFTP, CIFS, NFS, HTTP. . .

  22. IP Server Consolidation with NAS NAS UNIX Windows General purpose OS serving files viaFTP, CIFS, NFS, HTTP. . .

  23. Chapter Summary • Key topics covered in this chapter: • NAS Benefits • NAS Components • NAS File Sharing Protocols • CIFS and NFS • NAS Implementation • Integrated NAS • Gateway NAS • Hosting and Accessing File on NAS • NAS Management • NAS Examples Additional Task Research on factors affecting NAS Performance, Virtual LUN & Jumbo Frames

  24. Check your Knowledge • What is the difference between an Integrated and Gateway NAS solution? • Which NAS type would you deploy if you already have a SAN and storage array? • Which NAS type is the simplest to deploy? • Which file serving environments typically uses CIFS and NFS?

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