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barry-b.tripod/nutl9.html

Nutrition Lecture Nine. Calcium. http://barry-b.tripod.com/nutl9.html. Needs for Calcium. Bone strength . Calcium as calcium phosphate constitutes 50% of bone mass. An adult has about 1,000,000 mgms. Of calcium in bone Muscle contraction Too much or too little causes tetany

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barry-b.tripod/nutl9.html

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  1. Nutrition Lecture Nine Calcium http://barry-b.tripod.com/nutl9.html

  2. Needs for Calcium • Bone strength. • Calcium as calcium phosphate constitutes 50% of bone mass. • An adult has about 1,000,000 mgms. Of calcium in bone • Muscle contraction • Too much or too little causes tetany • Nerve stimulation • Internal cell communication (second messengers) • Carries hormonal messages to the inside of the cell

  3. Control of Blood Calcium • Most accurately controlled of all blood material • Due to it’s many physiological roles. • Calcium is absorbed or deposited in/from • Intestine, • bone • urine • soft tissue • Regulated by hormones • blood increase: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and Vit.D • blood decrease …..Calcitonin

  4. Hormone Control of Calcium

  5. Uptake of Calcium

  6. Absorption of Calcium Calcium balance: Urine: 90mgm = +ve 100mgm = 0 110 mgm = -ve

  7. Intestinal Absorption • Most of the calcium intake is unavailable • Insoluble phosphates • Plant complexing compounds • Oxalic acid • phytic acid • Best source is milk or meat • others may not be absorbed • Need Vit D ( sun light)

  8. Calcium Balance • Calcium intake - Calcium excretion • +Ve means bones getting stronger /bigger • -VE means bones getting weaker • Intake increased / needs • Vit D • Calcium binding proteins • adequate diet ( most females take 50% RDI) • Excretion increased by : • inactivity • high protein diets • caffeine • low estragon (menopause or body fat)

  9. Hypercalciuric Effect of High Protein Diets

  10. Effect of Age • Negative balance normal after age 30-35 • Gradual loss until bones break • Osteoporosis • physiological ( starts at age 35) • pathogenic ( age 50 or later) • No way to stop loss • Calcitonin treatment for aged • minimised by excersise (bone stress) • Best protection is strong bones when young

  11. Osteoporosis

  12. Susceptible Individuals • More susceptible • Tall thin females • Inactive people • type one diabetes • high protein diets • Less susceptible • short fat people • type two diabetes • moderate protein diets

  13. Pre-diabetic individuals • Normal individuals remove glucose from the blood using insulin • Test with Glucose Tolerance Test • Normal GTT means adequate insulin production • Diabetes means means glucose not removed and too much in blood • Type One No insulin produced • Type Two insulin does have effect • Pre-diabetics produce more insulin to produce a normal Glucose Tolerance Test • Do not show hypercaliuric effect with high protein diets

  14. Glucose Tolerance Test

  15. Pre-diabetic GTT

  16. The End

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